25-26 **Logic and Reasoning Flashcard

Front

What is a hypothesis in a conditional statement?

Back

The hypothesis is the part of a conditional statement that follows 'if'. It represents the condition that must be met.

Front

What is a conclusion in a conditional statement?

Back

The conclusion is the part of a conditional statement that follows 'then'. It represents the result or outcome of the hypothesis being true.

Front

What is the converse of a conditional statement?

Back

The converse of a conditional statement 'If P, then Q' is 'If Q, then P'.

Front

What is the inverse of a conditional statement?

Back

The inverse of a conditional statement 'If P, then Q' is 'If not P, then not Q'.

Front

What is the contrapositive of a conditional statement?

Back

The contrapositive of a conditional statement 'If P, then Q' is 'If not Q, then not P'.

Front

What is a bi-conditional statement?

Back

A bi-conditional statement is a statement that combines a conditional statement and its converse, expressed as 'P if and only if Q'.

Front

What is deductive reasoning?

Back

Deductive reasoning is a logical process where a conclusion is based on the concordance of multiple premises that are generally assumed to be true.

Front

What is inductive reasoning?

Back

Inductive reasoning is a logical process where multiple observations or specific instances are used to form a general conclusion.

Front

Provide an example of a deductive argument.

Back

All humans are mortal. Socrates is a human. Therefore, Socrates is mortal.

Front

Provide an example of an inductive argument.

Back

The sun has risen in the east every day so far. Therefore, the sun will rise in the east tomorrow.