Astronomy Review

On the diagram, label where the planet is moving the fastest, second fastest, and slowest.

a

b

c

second fastest

slowest

fastest

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

What does Kepler's second law state?

• The area a planet sweeps in orbit will be the same for any two equal time periods.

• The orbital speed of planets is faster when they are farther away from the Sun.

• The orbital speed of planets is constant.

• The area a planet sweeps in orbit will be different for any two equal time periods.

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

Why do planets move faster when they are nearer the Sun?

• Because the Sun's gravity is accelerating the planets.

• Because the Sun's gravity is constant.

• Because the Sun's gravity is slowing the planets down.

• Because the Sun's gravity has no effect on the planets.

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

Where will an object move at the greatest speed as it orbits the sun?

• Perihelion

• Aphelion

• Between perihelion and aphelion

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

The place where a planet is farthest away from the Sun in its orbit around the Sun is called the

• aphelion
• perihelion

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

Planets travel around the sun in __ orbits

• circular

• rectangular

• oval

• elliptical

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

What is the law of ellipses?

• A line that connects a planet to the sun sweeps out equal areas in equal time intervals.

• Planetary orbits are shaped like ellipses, with the sun located at one of the two foci.

• The law of ellipses 2. The law of equal areas 3. The law of harmonies

• By observing the shape and size of their orbits, as well as the time it takes to complete one orbit.

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

What is the law of harmonies?

• By observing the shape and size of their orbits, as well as the time it takes to complete one orbit.

• The square of a planet's orbital period is directly proportional to the cube of its average distance from the sun.

• T^2 = k * r^3, where T is the orbital period and r is the average distance from the sun.

• The average distance between a celestial body and the sun throughout its elliptical orbit

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

As galaxies move away from our galaxy

a shift on the electromagnetic spectrum is noticed. This phenomena is

called _____________.

• redshift

• blueshift

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

How does Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation support the Big Bang Theory?

• Microwaves are found everywhere in the universe.

• Microwaves occurred at the time of the Big Bang

• Microwaves are useful in our everyday lives

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-2