Summative Test in Chemistry 8

Which of the following statements best explains the ability of liquids to flow and take the shapes of their containers related to the behavior of their particles? You may use the illustration for reference.

• Liquid particles are tightly packed and cannot move, which prevents them from changing shape.

• Liquid particles are loosely packed and can slide past one another, allowing the liquid to flow and take the shape of its container.

• Liquid particles are arranged in a fixed structure, making it impossible for them to adapt to different shapes.

• Liquid particles are in a constant state of vibration, which causes them to expand and fill any container completely.

Which of the following statements accurately compares the kinetic energy of particles in a liquid to that in a solid?

• The kinetic energy of particles in a liquid and solid is the same.

• The particles in a liquid have less kinetic energy than the particles in a solid.

• The particles in a liquid have more kinetic energy than the particles in a solid.

• The particles in a solid move freely, while the particles in a liquid are tightly packed.

By looking at the picture, how do you explain why do gas particles occupy the entire container?

• The gas molecules are stationary and do not move around.

• The gas molecules are constantly moving and colliding with the walls of the container.

• The gas has a higher density than liquids, causing it to push against the walls.

• The gas molecules are attracted to the walls of the container, pulling them inward.

Which of the following statements explains why solids have a definite shape, while liquids take the shape of their container?

• In solids, particles are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions, while in liquids, particles are less tightly packed and can move around more freely.

• Solids are made of larger particles than liquids, allowing them to maintain their shape.

• Liquids have stronger bonds between particles than solids, which allows them to hold their shape.

• Solids can flow like liquids when heated, which is why they have a definite shape.

Based on the picture, how do the arrangement of particles affect the intermolecular forces of the 3 states of matter?

• The closer the particles to each other the stronger is the intermolecular forces between them.

• The farther the arrangement of particles, the stronger is the intermolecular forces between them.

• The arrangement of particles has nothing to do with the intermolecular forces between them.

• Gas particles have the strongest intermolecular forces among the 3 states of matter.

Based on the picture of solid liquid and gas, which state of matter has a closely arranged particles with fixed pattern?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Study the picture above, how do you describe the arrangement of particles in gases?

• far from each other

• Loosely packed but have some order

• Tightly packed in a regular pattern

• No fixed pattern, constantly moving

In which state of matter do particles move very slowly and have the least amount of energy?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

Consider a solid block of ice and a balloon filled with air. How do the arrangements of particles in the solid and gas compare, and how does this affect their volume?

• The particles in the solid ice are loosely arranged and can move freely, allowing the ice to take the shape of its container, while the gas in the balloon has tightly packed particles that maintain a fixed volume.

• The particles in the solid ice are closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions, while the gas in the balloon has particles that are far apart and move freely, allowing the gas to expand and fill the entire volume of the balloon.

• The particles in the solid ice are very closely packed and vibrate in fixed positions, which gives the ice a definite shape and volume, while the gas in the balloon has particles that are spread out and can move freely, allowing the gas to take shape and volume based on the container.

• The particles in the solid ice are arranged randomly, while the gas in the balloon has particles that are arranged in a specific pattern, which allows the gas to maintain a definite volume.

On a hot sunny day, you have a sealed syringe filled with air. In this closed container with air inside, how do the arrangement and movement of the gas particles contribute to the syringe's ability to be squeezed or compressed?

• Gases have closely packed particles making them more compressible.

• Gases have less kinetic energy that is why their particles move less.

• Gases have large intermolecular spaces giving them more space for movement.

• Gases have fixed shapes, that is why they cannot be compressed.