Learning Theories and Principles

Which of the following best defines learning theories?

• Prescriptions of classroom activities

• Explanations of how people acquire, process, and retain knowledge

• Lists of teaching methods

• Rules for grading students

Who is considered the father of classical conditioning?

• B.F. Skinner

• Ivan Pavlov

• Jean Piaget

• John Dewey

In operant conditioning, reinforcement is used to:

• Strengthen behavior

• Punish behavior

• Remove behavior permanently

• Ignore behavior

Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory emphasizes:

• Drill and practice

• Observation, imitation, and modeling

• Reinforcement schedules

• Stages of cognitive development

Piaget’s concrete operational stage is characterized by:

• Abstract thinking

• Egocentrism

• Logical reasoning about concrete objects

• Symbolic play

Which learning theory stresses that knowledge is constructed by learners through experience and interaction?

• Behaviorism

• Cognitivism

• Constructivism

• Humanism

Vygotsky introduced the concept of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), which means:

• The area of knowledge already mastered

• The gap between what a learner can do alone and with guidance

• The final stage of learning

• The collection of all prior experiences

B.F. Skinner is associated with:

• Classical conditioning

• Operant conditioning

• Social constructivism

• Multiple intelligences

Which of the following is a key principle of Humanistic learning theory?

• Learning occurs through reinforcement

• Learners must follow rigid steps

• Education should promote self-actualization

• Knowledge is transmitted by teachers

Which learning theory gave rise to the concept of scaffolding?

• Behaviorism

• Social constructivism

• Cognitivism

• Humanism