What year did Martin Luther cause significant intellectual shifts and technological innovation?

• 1517

• 1617

• 1417

• 1717

Which of the following best describes the challenges that led to religious reform in the 16th century?

• Intellectual, technological, and institutional

• Economic, political, and social

• Cultural, artistic, and philosophical

• Military, diplomatic, and strategic

What did humanism encourage during the intellectual challenges of the 16th century?

• Blind faith and obedience

• Critical thinking and study of original texts

• Expansion of military power

• Isolation from other cultures

Why was the 16th century considered a turning point in European history?

• It marked the beginning of the Industrial Revolution

• It was a period of significant intellectual challenges

• It saw the end of the Roman Empire

• It was the era of the Black Death

What was Erasmus known for promoting during the 16th century?

• Military conquest and expansion

• Personal faith and criticism of Church corruption

• Economic prosperity and trade

• Political alliances and treaties

What technological advancement allowed for the rapid spread and faster production of texts such as books and Bibles?

• The steam engine

• The printing press

• The telegraph

• The typewriter

Whose ideas, such as the 95 Theses, were widely circulated due to the printing press?

• Martin Luther

• John Calvin

• Henry VIII

• Thomas More

How did printing ideas in local languages impact their readership?

• It made them less accessible

• It limited their spread

• It made them widely read

• It confused the readers

What was one significant impact of the printing press on church authority?

• It strengthened church authority

• It turned reform into a large-scale challenge

• It had no impact on church authority

• It made church teachings more obscure

Which of the following practices showed the corruption within the church during the period discussed?

• Indulgences, simony, and nepotism

• Charity and humility

• Prayer and fasting

• Pilgrimage and meditation