Vocabulary Terms AOE

Imperialism

• The policy of extending a nation's authority over other countries by economic, political, or military means.

• A strategy to promote global trade without government intervention.

• The practice of isolating a nation from foreign influence and trade.

• A form of government where power is held by a small group of elites.

Mercantilism

• An economic system focused on maximizing agricultural output.

• An economic theory that advocates for free trade without restrictions.

• An economic system in which nations seek to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by establishing a favorable balance of trade.

• A financial strategy that emphasizes the importance of consumer spending.

Aztec

• A Native American people that settled in the Valley of Mexico in the 1200s A.D. and later developed a powerful empire.

• A European civilization known for its maritime exploration in the 15th century.

• An ancient African tribe known for its pyramids and pharaohs.

• A nomadic group from Asia that migrated to North America in the 1600s.

Anasazi

• A Native American group that lived on the mesa tops, cliff sides, and canyon bottoms of the Four Corners region (Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, and Utah) from about A.D. 100-1300

• A European settlement established in the 1600s in North America

• A type of ancient pottery found in the Southwestern United States

• A Native American tribe known for their fishing and hunting skills in the Pacific Northwest

Hernando Cortes

• A Spanish explorer who discovered the Pacific Ocean

• A conquistador who led an army into the American mainland, eager to claim new lands for Spain

• A famous painter of the Renaissance period

• A ruler of the Aztec Empire

Conquistadors

• Spanish explorers who took to the seas to claim new colonies for Spain.

• Italian merchants who traded spices and silk.

• French soldiers who fought in the Americas.

• British settlers who established the Thirteen Colonies.

Colonization

• The establishment of distant settlements controlled by the parent country.

• The process of migrating to a new country for better opportunities.

• The act of overthrowing a government to gain independence.

• The establishment of trade relations with foreign nations.

Columbian Exchange

• The transfer of plants, animals, and diseases between the Western Hemisphere and the Eastern Hemisphere, beginning with Columbus's first voyage.

• A trade agreement between European countries to exchange goods and services.

• The migration of people from Europe to the Americas during the 18th century.

• The introduction of new agricultural techniques in the Americas by indigenous peoples.

Inca

• A Native American people that around A.D. 1400 created an empire reaching nearly 2,500 miles along the west coast of South America

• A civilization known for its pyramids and hieroglyphics in ancient Egypt

• A group of nomadic tribes that roamed the plains of North America

• An ancient civilization that developed in the Indus Valley around 2500 B.C.

Confederation

• A formal agreement between two or more sovereign states to cooperate on specific issues.

• An alliance permitting states or nations to act together on matters of mutual concern.

• A political system where a single central government holds all power.

• A treaty that establishes trade relations between countries.