Understanding Research Terminology

What is the definition of 'hypothesis'?

• A hypothesis is a proven fact about the relationship between variables.

• A hypothesis is a testable statement or prediction about the relationship between variables.

• A hypothesis is an untestable theory that cannot be proven or disproven.

• A hypothesis is a random guess without any basis in research.

Define 'variable' in the context of research.

• A variable is a characteristic that can vary and is measured in research.

• A variable is a summary of the research findings.

• A variable is a type of research method used to collect data.

• A variable is a fixed characteristic that does not change in research.

What does 'data collection' refer to?

• Data collection is the act of storing data only.

• Data collection refers to the process of deleting information.

• Data collection is the systematic process of gathering and analyzing information.

• Data collection is the random selection of data without analysis.

Explain the term 'literature review'.

• A literature review is a survey of existing research on a specific topic.

• A literature review is a detailed analysis of a single book.

• A literature review is a summary of personal opinions on a topic.

• A literature review is a collection of fictional stories related to a subject.

What is meant by 'qualitative research'?

• Qualitative research relies solely on statistical analysis.

• Qualitative research uses numerical data to measure outcomes.

• Qualitative research is a method that explores human behavior and experiences through non-numerical data.

• Qualitative research is focused on large-scale surveys and polls.

Define 'quantitative research'.

• Qualitative research focuses on subjective experiences.

• Quantitative research is based solely on personal opinions.

• Quantitative research involves only case studies and interviews.

• Quantitative research is a systematic investigation that focuses on quantifying relationships or phenomena using numerical data.

What does 'sample size' indicate in a study?

• The total budget allocated for the study.

• The number of participants or observations in a study.

• The duration of the study period.

• The average age of participants in a study.

Explain the concept of 'peer review'.

• Peer review is a process for grading student assignments.

• Peer review is a technique for conducting surveys.

• Peer review is a quality control process for academic and research publications.

• Peer review is a method for selecting conference speakers.

What is 'statistical significance'?

• Statistical significance is a measure of the sample size used in a study.

• Statistical significance indicates that the results of a study are unlikely to have occurred by chance, often assessed with a p-value.

• Statistical significance indicates that results are only valid if they are published.

• Statistical significance means the results are always correct.

Define 'research methodology' and its importance.

• Research methodology is irrelevant to the research process.

• Research methodology is a casual approach to gathering information.

• Research methodology is only about statistical analysis.

• Research methodology is the systematic approach used in research to collect and analyze data, crucial for ensuring the reliability and validity of findings.