Anatomy - Digestive

this refers to the series of wave-like, involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations in tubular organs that propel contents forward

• peristalsis

• digestion

• absorption

• respiration

what are the GI tract organs

• mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, rectum, anus

• liver, gallbladder, pancreas, spleen

• trachea, bronchi, lungs, diaphragm

• kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

this structure in the peritoneum attaches portions of the large intestine (the colon) to the posterior abdominal wall

• mesocolon

• omentum

• peritoneum

• duodenum

function of the digestive system that refers to the passage of digested nutrients, water, and electrolytes from the lumen of the digestive tract, through its cells, and into the bloodstream or lymph

• digestion

• absorption

• metabolism

• excretion

a type of enteroendocrine cell that secretes the hormone GASTRIN into the bloodstream

• G cells

• D cells

• I cells

• S cells

the middle section of the pharynx that allows both air and food to pass through

• oropharynx

• nasopharynx

• laryngopharynx

• esophagus

5 regions of the stomach

• cardia,

• fundus,

• body,

• duodenum,

4 sections of the colon

• ascending

• transverse

• descending

• sigmoid

this refers to reflux from weak lower sphincter wherein stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus and causes heartburn

• gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

• peptic ulcer disease

• irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

• gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)

exocrine function:

this breaks down fats into fatty acids

• lipase

• amylase

• protease

• cellulase