The Core Chapter 7 Test Review

Before the publication of Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species, what was the prevailing public consensus regarding species evolution?

• That species were permanent and unchanging

• That species evolved through physical changes that led to success

• That species evolved by means of natural selection

• That species were modified over time but did not change into new species

What contribution did Charles Lyell make?

• He found some bird specimens on the Galapagos Islands.

• He found some fossils of extinct species.

• He suggested that life evolves through physical changes within the life span of an organism.

• He provided the first evidence that the Earth is much older than was previously thought.

What prompted Darwin to publish his book decades after he began writing it?

• He had completed the last of his experiments.

• He had returned from his voyage around the world.

• Wallace, a colleague, was about to publish a similar manuscript.

• After years of searching, he finally found a publisher willing to accept it.

Which of the following was a scientist around the time of Charles Darwin?

• Lamarck was a French naturalist that first explored the idea of evolution.

• Lyell was a geologist that was examining the age of Earth.

• Wallace was an evolutionary biologist developing hypotheses about evolution.

• All of the above were scientists around the time of Charles Darwin.

Which two observations led Darwin to conclude that there is competition for survival?

• Overproduction of organisms and limited food resources

• Fossils and mutations

• Gene and allele differences in organisms

• Natural selection and descent with modification

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Individuals with variations that make them best suited to their environment are, on average, more likely to (a)   .

• evolve

• change over time

• survive and reproduce

• become larger

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Before Darwin published his work, Lamarck and others had suggested mechanisms for evolution. By what means did Darwin propose species evolved over time?

• Overproduction of young

• Passing on acquired traits

• Survival of the strongest

• Natural selection

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Natural selection acts on (a)   , and (b)   evolve.

• individuals

• populations

• populations

• individuals

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Can you inherit physical traits that your parents acquired during their lifetime?

• No

• Yes

• Only if it improves survivability

• Only if it improves reproductive success

Evolution can be best defined as (a)   .

• the production of new species

• change in the composition of populations

• change in the gene pool of a population

• always taking a very long time to occur