LJM 07/2025

Mr. E, 60 years old, complains of bloating and severe abdominal pain. Examination reveals that Mr. E has a history of recurrent bowel obstruction. The primary nursing intervention is:

• Encourage increased fluid intake

• Administer prescribed laxatives regularly

• Provide health education on the signs of bowel obstruction

• Keep the patient fasting until peristaltic movement returns

Mr. F, 62 years old, is undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia and has developed stomatitis, causing severe mouth pain and discomfort that hinders oral intake. The appropriate nursing intervention is:

• Encourage drinking hot

• Avoid consuming spicy and acidic foods

• Use a stiff-bristled toothbrush when brushing

• Rinse the mouth using concentrated salt water and a strongly mint-flavored mouthwash

Mr. G, 55 years old, was admitted to the hospital due to confusion, slurred speech, and drowsiness. He has a history of hepatic encephalopathy. Enema treatment has been initiated. What is the primary purpose of administering the enema?

• Softening the stool

• Preventing constipation

• Promoting the removal of ammonia

• Reducing the toxic load in the blood

Nurse H is providing nutritional education to a patient with hepatic failure. Types of food that need to be highly limited include:

• Fiber

• Fat

• Protein

• Carbohydrates

Mr. J, 55 years old, complains of epigastric pain that worsens when his stomach is empty and improves after eating. He also experiences nausea, black-colored stools, pallor, and fatigue. What is the priority nursing diagnosis?

• Lack of knowledge about disease symptoms

• Chronic pain related to mucosal inflammation of the stomach

• Sleep disturbance related to physical discomfort

• Risk of bleeding due to lesions in the digestive tract

Mr. K, 48 years old, has been experiencing chronic gastric pain and was diagnosed with a peptic ulcer that did not heal with medical treatment. He is scheduled to undergo a selective vagotomy procedure. What is the main purpose of the selective vagotomy in the treatment of peptic ulcer?

• Inhibit pepsin secretion

• Thicken the gastric mucosal layer

• Reduce hydrochloric acid production

• Accelerate gastric emptying

A patient with acute appendicitis will complain of pain at:

• Epigastric

• Hypogastric

• Left iliac fossa

• Right iliac fossa

Mr. L arrives in the emergency department complaining of hematemesis and appears weak and pale. He is suspected of having an acute upper gastrointestinal bleed with a blood pressure of 80/50 mmHg, heart rate of 120 beats per minute, and respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute. What is the immediate nursing intervention that should be performed?

• Treat hypovolemia

• Treat hypervolemia

• Control the source of bleeding

• Monitor vital signs frequently

Vaccines are drugs which can be used to reduce the risk of a person from being infected with viruses. Select the most likely function of a drug that fits the statement above:

• Preventing disease

• Diagnosing disease

• Improving body function

• Strengthening the body’s immune system

Observations that need to be made after the intravenous administration of streptokinase include:

• Temperature

• General condition

• Respiratory rate

• Electrocardiogram