Immune System: Third Line of Defence Quiz

What do lymphocytes turn into during the third line of defence?

• Red blood cells and platelets

• T-cells (T-lymphocytes) or B-cells (B-lymphocytes)

• Macrophages and neutrophils

• Skin cells and muscle cells

Why is the third line of defence considered adaptive?

• It adapts by changing the skin barrier.

• It adapts by producing more stomach acid.

• It adapts by learning from past exposures to pathogens.

• It adapts by increasing body temperature.

How does the third line of defence differ from the first and second lines of defence?

• It is non-specific and does not remember pathogens.

• It is a physical barrier only.

• It is specific and keeps a memory of pathogens for future responses.

• It only involves the production of mucus.

What is the primary function of B-cells when they recognize a foreign antigen?

• They produce antibodies specific only to the shape of the specific antigen.

• They engulf and digest the antigen.

• They produce hormones to signal other cells.

• They destroy infected cells directly.

What do plasma B-cells do after being formed from B-cells?

• Continue to produce and secrete the specific antibodies.

• Store the antigen for future use.

• Attack and destroy the antigen directly.

• Transform into red blood cells.

What is the role of memory B-cells in the immune response?

• They persist long after the antigen has been removed and prevent reinfection in the future.

• They immediately destroy any antigen present.

• They produce hormones to activate T-cells.

• They become plasma cells after a few days.

Why is it important that antibodies produced by B-cells are specific to the shape of the antigen?

• To ensure that only the correct pathogen is targeted and neutralized.

• To allow the antibodies to attack any cell in the body.

• To make the immune response slower.

• To prevent the production of memory cells.

Explain how the division of B-cells into plasma cells and memory cells contributes to both immediate and long-term immunity.

• Plasma cells provide immediate antibody production, while memory cells ensure long-term immunity by persisting after the antigen is gone.

• Both plasma and memory cells only provide immediate immunity.

• Plasma cells store antigens, and memory cells destroy them.

• Both plasma and memory cells only provide long-term immunity.

Which type of T-cell produces toxic substances that kill cells invaded by a pathogen?

• Helper T-cells

• Suppressor T-cells

• Killer T-cells

• Memory B-cells

What is the main function of Helper T-cells?

• Suppress the immune response

• Produce toxic substances to kill infected cells

• Help B-cells divide more rapidly to create more antibodies

• Attack pathogens directly