Oral Mucosal Lesion & OPMD

What is oral mucosa?

• The outer surface of the teeth

• The membrane lining the mouth

• The muscles under the tongue

• The hard palate only

Which lesion appears as a small, painful ulcer with a red halo?

• Candidiasis

• Aphthous ulcer

• Lichen planus

• Fibroma

Which feature is commonly seen in oral lichen planus?

• Vesicles

• Reticular white striae

• Pseudomembrane

• Yellow crusts

Which condition is most often associated with removable denture wearers?

• Oral candidiasis

• Aphthous ulcer

• Herpetic gingivostomatitis

• Squamous cell carcinoma

A non-healing ulcer with indurated margins is most likely:

• Aphthous ulcer

• Oral candidiasis

• Oral squamous cell carcinoma

• Mucous retention cyst

Which of the following is NOT a likely cause of pigmented oral lesions?

• Amalgam tattoo

• Melanoma

• Hemangioma

• Candidiasis

Which site is THE most commonly affected by OSCC ?

• Floor of mouth

• Upper lip

• Posterior lateral tongue

• Gingiva

Which of the following is FALSE regarding leukoplakia ?

      I.        All leukoplakias become malignant

    II.        It is a white plaque with no specific diagnosis after exclusion of other conditions.

   III.        Non-homogenous leukoplakia has lower malignant potential

   IV.        It is always associated with tobacco use

• I, II

• I, II, III

• I, III, IV

• I, IV

What is the key histological feature of erythroplakia ?

• Hyperplasia

• Mild epithelial dysplasia

• Severe dysplasia or carcinoma (>90% cases)

• Keratosis only

What percentage of OSCC cases in Perak (2019–2023) were detected at TNM Stage I ?

• 10%

• 13.2%

• 25%

• 50%