CORE 1 - multiple choice

What is epidemiology?

• The study of disease in groups or populations through the collection of data and information, to identify patterns and causes.

• A branch of engineering focused on building bridges.

• The process of photosynthesis in plants.

• A method of financial accounting.

Prevalence refers to:

• The number of new cases of disease occurring in a defined population over a period of time

• The number of cases of disease that exists in a defined population at a point in time

• Factors contributing to occurrence of a disease

• Trends over time related to subgroups

Incidence is defined as the ________ of new cases of disease occurring in a defined population over a period of time.

• number

• duration

• location

• severity

What do distribution patterns in epidemiology refer to?

• Trends over time related to subgroups within the broader population.

• The genetic makeup of a population.

• The effectiveness of a specific treatment.

• The process of diagnosing diseases.

List one factor that contributes to the occurrence of a disease or condition, as described in epidemiology.

• Determinants

• Symptoms

• Treatments

• Diagnoses

Prevention and control measures in epidemiology aim to:

• Increase the number of cases

• Reduce the likelihood of the disease or condition occurring

• Identify patterns only

• Collect data only

What does evidence-based understanding of health status enable?

• Enables decisions to be made by various groups, such as future health plans, treatment, and allocation of resources/funds.

• Prevents the need for any future health planning.

• Guarantees a cure for all diseases.

• Eliminates the need for resource allocation.

Epidemiology can tell us about patterns and causes of health and disease, but does it measure everything about health status?

• No, it does not measure everything about health status.

• Yes, it measures all aspects of health status.

• Epidemiology only measures infectious diseases.

• Epidemiology is not used to measure health status.

What does 'mortality' refer to in epidemiology?

• Mortality refers to the number of deaths in a given population from a particular cause and/or over a period of time.

• Mortality refers to the number of new cases of a disease in a population over a period of time.

• Mortality refers to the average lifespan of individuals in a population.

• Mortality refers to the number of people recovering from a disease in a population.

Which of the following is NOT a reason for the decrease in mortality rates?

• Improvements in prevention, detection and treatment of diseases

• Safer roads

• Increased smoking rates

• Advancements in medical care