HBS 2.1 Test: Understanding Nervous System Communication

Which of the following best describes the function of neurotransmitters in the nervous system?

• They provide structural support to neurons.

• They transmit signals across synapses between neurons.

• They insulate axons to speed up signal transmission.

• They generate electrical impulses within the neuron.

What is the primary role of a synapse in neural communication?

• To store neurotransmitters for future use

• To act as a barrier preventing signal transmission

• To allow the transfer of information between neurons

• To generate action potentials

Which of the following best explains how drugs can affect neuron function?

• By increasing the number of neurons in the brain

• By altering the release or uptake of neurotransmitters

• By changing the shape of the neuron

• By removing synapses from the nervous system

Which environmental factor is most likely to negatively impact neuron function?

• Regular exercise

• Exposure to toxic chemicals

• Adequate sleep

• Balanced nutrition

Which statement best describes the process that occurs at a chemical synapse?

• Electrical signals jump directly from one neuron to another.

• Neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft and bind to receptors on the next neuron.

• The synapse generates new neurons.

• The synapse blocks all communication between neurons.

Which of the following is an example of an environmental influence that can enhance neuron function?

• Chronic stress

• Exposure to lead

• Learning new skills

• Sleep deprivation

Which of the following best explains why synapses are important for nervous system communication?

• They prevent neurons from interacting.

• They allow for the precise control of signal transmission between neurons.

• They store genetic information.

• They produce myelin.

Which process is most directly affected by a lack of neurotransmitter release at the synapse?

• The generation of action potentials in the presynaptic neuron

• The transmission of signals to the postsynaptic neuron

• The formation of new neurons

• The breakdown of myelin

A student is investigating how exposure to chronic stress affects neuron function. Which experimental design would best allow the student to determine the impact of stress on neurotransmitter levels?

• Compare neurotransmitter levels in two groups of animals, one exposed to chronic stress and one not exposed, using brain tissue analysis.

• Survey students about their stress levels.

• Observe animal behavior in a maze.

• Measure the weight of animals before and after stress exposure.

Given that certain drugs can mimic neurotransmitters, how might this affect the communication between neurons?

• It would have no effect on neural communication.

• It could lead to overstimulation or inhibition of the postsynaptic neuron, depending on the drug.

• It would only affect the presynaptic neuron.

• It would cause neurons to stop firing permanently.