G10 World History Spring Final ENGCHS

Which of the following taxes was commonly used to raise government revenue during the Age of Mercantilism? 在重商主义时代，以下哪种税收通常被用来增加政府收入？

• Taxes on the working class 对工人阶级征税

• Taxes on land 对土地征税

• Income taxes 所得税

• Taxes on international trade 对国际贸易征税

Today most economists believe that mercantilism was based on false assumptions. One of these false assumptions is that 如今，大多数经济学家认为重商主义是建立在错误假设之上的。其中一个错误的假设是

• a country benefits from both exports and imports. Today economists believe that a country benefits from exports but not imports. 一个国家从出口和进口中都能获益。如今经济学家认为，一个国家只从出口中获益，而不是进口。

• the wealth of a nation is measured by its supplies of gold and other precious metals. 一个国家的财富是通过其黄金和其他贵金属的储备来衡量的。

• the total amount of world trade is unlimited. Economists today believe that the total amount of world trade is fixed. 世界贸易的总量是无限的。如今经济学家认为，世界贸易的总量是固定的。

• gold should be used to buy goods and services from other countries. . 黄金应该用来从其他国家购买商品和服务。

What was one of the major consequences of European expansion in the sixteenth century? 欧洲在十六世纪扩张的一个主要后果是什么？

• The population of Native Americans fell by as much as 90% 美洲原住民的人口减少了多达90%

• The population of Native Americans increased by 90% 美洲原住民的人口增加了90%

• Europeans adopted Native American healthcare systems 欧洲人采纳了美洲原住民的医疗体系

• Native Americans conquered European territories 美洲原住民征服了欧洲领土

Which regions' demand for workers led to the African slave trade? 哪些地区对劳工的需求导致了非洲奴隶贸易?

• Europe and Asia 欧洲和亚洲

• Caribbean and Brazil 加勒比地区和巴西

• North America and Australia 北美和澳大利亚

• Africa and India 非洲和印度

What is the importance of Magellan’s explorations to the concept of time? 麦哲伦的探险对时间概念有何重要意义?

• The invention of the international dateline 国际日期变更线的发明

• The discovery of the New World 新大陆的发现

• The mapping of the Silk Road 丝绸之路的绘制

• The establishment of the Greenwich Meridian 格林尼治子午线的确立

What caused James Cook’s map to be so accurate at the time? 是什么原因使詹姆斯·库克的地图在当时如此精确?

• He used a compass. 他使用了指南针。

• He had a telescope. 他有一台望远镜。

• His map used longitude and latitude. 他的地图使用了经度和纬度。

• He used the stars for navigation. 他用星星导航。

Da Gama was the first European Explorer to do what? 达·伽马是第一位完成什么壮举的欧洲探险家？

• Reach India by sea 通过海路到达印度

• Discover America 发现美洲

• Circumnavigate the globe 环绕地球航行

• Discover Australia 发现澳大利亚

What route did Columbus think was the best for reaching China? 哥伦布认为到达中国的最佳路线是什么?

• A. Sailing west from Spain 从西班牙向西航行

• B. Sailing east around Africa 绕过非洲向东航行

• C. Traveling overland through Asia 穿越亚洲陆路旅行

• D. Sailing north around Europe 绕过欧洲北部航行

What was Champlain's primary task when he arrived in Quebec in 1608? 当尚普兰于1608年抵达魁北克时，他的主要任务是什么？

• To start a new French colony and fur trading center along the St. Lawrence River 在圣劳伦斯河沿岸建立一个新的法属殖民地和毛皮贸易中心

• To map the Mississippi River 绘制密西西比河的地图

• To establish a military base 建立一个军事基地

• To find a route to Asia 寻找通往亚洲的航线

What were spices such as cinnamon and black pepper used as in the 5th century C.E.? 在公元5世纪，肉桂和黑胡椒等香料被用作什么？

• Currency 货币

• Decoration 装饰品

• Medicine 药品

• Perfume 香水