AL_May 2025

What is prescriptive grammar?

• Grammars that make do not distinctions between correct and incorrect forms

• Grammar that make distinctions between correct and incorrect forms

• Grammars derived from corpus data

Which grammar focuses on describing actual language use?

• Prescriptive grammar

• Formal grammar

• Descriptive grammar

Pedagogical grammar is designed primarily for:

• Second-language teachers and learners

• Native speakers

• Linguistic researchers 

• Translators

Answer explanation

The functional approach to grammar emphasizes:

• Memorization of forms

• Grammatical accuracy

• Formal syntax structures

• Communicative use in context

What are the three dimensions of grammar according to Larsen-Freeman and Celce-Murcia?

• Vocabulary, structure, use

• Form, meaning, use

• Writing, speaking, reading

Answer explanation

What is the garden path technique in teaching grammar?

• • Gradually introducing complex grammar

• Allowing learners to overgeneralize rules

• • Providing rules with no practice

• Teaching grammar through literature

Answer explanation

For example, students might be given a rule without

being told that it has exceptions. It is assumed that when students do overgeneralize the rule and commit an error, the negative feedback they receive will be more successful in their acquiring the exceptions than if they were given a list of exceptions in advance (Tomasello and Herron, 1989).

What is the purpose of input enhancement?

• Hiding grammar forms

• Simplifying vocabulary

• Making grammar more noticeable to learners

A spiral syllabus refers to:

• Teaching grammar randomly

• Recycling grammatical structures over time

• Teaching only communicative functions

• Avoiding repetition in lessons

 When a teacher guides learners to discover grammar collaboratively, it is called:

• Grammar drilling

• Guided participation

• Input flooding

What is the main benefit of using a grammar checklist in a course?

• Ensures key structures are covered by the end of the course

• Replaces classroom content

• Forces strict rule memorization

• Helps assess pronunciation accuracy