Evolution and Natural Selection

What is the difference between homologous and analogous structures?

• Homologous structures are similar due to convergent evolution, while analogous structures are similar due to shared ancestry.

• Homologous structures are similar due to shared ancestry, while analogous structures are similar due to convergent evolution.

• Homologous structures are always found in the same species, while analogous structures are found in different species.

• Homologous structures serve the same function, while analogous structures serve different functions.

What is a vestigial structure?

• Body parts that have no function now and are just the remains from an ancestor.

• Body parts that are fully functional and necessary for survival.

• Body parts that are used for reproduction in some species.

• Body parts that have evolved to serve a new purpose.

What role does mutation play in evolution?

• Mutations have no effect on genetic variation.

• Mutations introduce new genetic variations, which can lead to new traits in a population.

• Mutations only occur in response to environmental changes.

• Mutations are always harmful to a population.

What is adaptation in the context of evolution?

• A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment.

• A process by which organisms become extinct over time.

• A method of reproduction that increases genetic diversity.

• A change in an organism's behavior due to environmental factors.

Who developed the theory of natural selection?

• Charles Darwin

• Albert Einstein

• Isaac Newton

• Galileo Galilei

Genetic drift is driven by random chance, not natural selection. True or False?

• True

• False

• Sometimes

• Always

How does natural selection lead to evolution?

• Natural selection eliminates all individuals in a population, leading to extinction.

• Natural selection favors individuals with advantageous traits, leading to changes in the population over generations.

• Natural selection has no impact on the genetic diversity of a population.

• Natural selection only affects physical traits, not behavioral traits.

What is the main idea of evolution?

• The process of natural selection leading to extinction.

• The change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations.

• The adaptation of species to their environment without genetic changes.

• The belief that all species were created in their current form.

What is the concept of survival of the fittest?

• It refers to the idea that individuals best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.

• It suggests that only the strongest individuals in a population will survive regardless of their adaptation.

• It means that all individuals in a population have an equal chance of survival and reproduction.

• It indicates that survival is determined solely by luck and chance.

What is the significance of the fossil record in understanding evolution?

• It provides evidence of how species have changed over time and shows the existence of extinct species.

• It demonstrates the immediate effects of environmental changes on living species.

• It offers a complete history of all species that have ever existed on Earth.

• It shows that species do not change over time and remain constant.