EOS Final Assessment

How does heat from the Sun get to Earth?

• by radiation, using electromagnetic waves to transfer the heat

• by convection, using liquids and gases to transfer the heat

• by conduction, using solids to transfer the heat

• by absorption, using primary waves to transfer the heat

Which describes the difference between nuclear fission and fusion?

• Nuclear fission is the process that produces the radiant energy of stars, and nuclear fusion splits a heavier nucleus into smaller nuclei

• Nuclear fission splits heavier nucleus into smaller nuclei, and nuclear fusion is the process that produces the radiant energy of stars.

• Nuclear fission produces the energy in the core of the Earth, and nuclear fusion produces energy in nuclear power.

• Nuclear fission produces energy in nuclear power plants, and nuclear fusion produces the energy in the core of the earth.

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If it is summer in the northern hemisphere, which statement is true?

• It is winter in the southern hemisphere due to the tilt of Earth's axis

• It is summer in the southern hemisphere due to the tilt of Earth's axis

• Earth has reached its closest point to the sun due to its revolution

• Earth has changed the tilt of its axis by 20 degrees due to its revolution

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How does the tilt of Earth's axis affect the seasons?

• by changing the amount of direct solar energy reaching the surface of Earth

• by influencing the rate of chemical reactions occuring in the atmosphere

• by deflecting the harmful rays of radiation emitted by the sun

• by changing the speed of the rotation of Earth

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Which statement describes the general movement of air masses?

• They move from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure.

• They move from areas of high altitude to areas of low altitude.

• They move from areas of low humidity to areas of high humidity.

• They move from areas of low temperature to areas of high temperature.

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Scientists are studying a graph showing the time differences between the seismic P-waves and the seismic S-waves as they travel through Earth. Which information can they learn from the graph?

• the magnitude of an earthquake

• the duration of an earthquake

• the epicenter of an earthquake

• the intensity of an earthquake

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How could the introduction of a nonnative species of plant affect an ecosystem in North Carolina?

• It could pollinate the native plant species, producing a disease-resistant species.

• It could reduce the competition for space and light with native plant species.

• It could take over the habitats of the native plant species.

• It could cause some insect species to destroy native plant species.

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Farmers use fertilizers on their crops to increase crop yield. How does the fertilizer affect plants and animals in nearby lakes and streams?

• Fertilizer directly kills fish and plant life in lakes and streams.

• Fertilizer leads to the growth of oxygen-depleting organisms.

• Fertilizer that becomes airborne pollutes the air around aquatic plants.

• Fertilizer improves crops which draws animals away from the lakes and streams.

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Why is it important to conserve the biodiversity of Earth?

• to decrease the amount of global predator populations

• to decrease the stability of major global ocean currents

• to increase the stability of ecosystems during environmental changes

• to increase the amount of nonrenewable resources located in the lithosphere

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Which is a farming technique that could improve the soil and the environment?

• using fueled machines that will turn the soil continuously

• creating undisturbed layers of mulch in the soil

• placing inorganic chemical fertilizers in the soil

• irrigating the soil with salty water

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