Philosophies of Education

Which educational philosophy emphasizes the importance of ideas, mind, and spirit over the material world?

• Realism

• Pragmatism

• Idealism

• Essentialism

According to Realism, truth is discovered through:

• Intuition and faith

• Personal choice and responsibility

• Learning by doing

• Observation, experimentation, and reason

Which philosophy views truth as dynamic and evolving, focusing on experience and problem-solving?

• Pragmatism

• Perennialism

• Social Reconstructionism

• Existentialism

Existentialism in education mainly emphasizes:

• A fixed curriculum based on great ideas

• Core subjects like reading and math

• Freedom, choice, and personal responsibility of the learner

• Scientific method and technological advancement

Perennialism holds that:

• Education should focus on changing social issues

• Truth is constantly evolving

• Learning should be based on hands-on experiences

• Human nature is constant and education should teach enduring “great ideas”

Essentialism promotes:

• A back-to-basics approach focusing on core knowledge and skills

• Social reform and active citizenship

• Individual self-discovery and authenticity

• Experimentation and adaptability

Progressivism is mainly concerned with:

• Technological and scientific advancement to address present problems

• Preserving traditional knowledge and values

• Developing moral character through discipline

• A fixed curriculum based on great ideas

Social Reconstructionism views education as:

• Focused on individual self-expression

• Teaching a core curriculum

• A way to maintain social order

• A tool for addressing social problems and promoting justice

Which philosophy emphasizes learning by doing and preparing students for a changing world?

• Idealism

• Perennialism

• Pragmatism

• Essentialism

Which philosophy would most likely prioritize critical thinking and active citizenship in the curriculum?

• Idealism

• Essentialism

• Social Reconstructionism

• Existentialism