Mary I

In what ways was the Spanish Match a sensible decision by Mary I?

• Returning England to Roman Catholicism would be supported

• France would be less likely to see England as an enemy

• An alliance with the powerful Habsburg would provide security

• Trade with the Spanish Netherlands would support England's economy

What made the decision to execute Lady Jane Grey sensible?

• Phillip of Spain made it a condition of marrying Mary I

• She remained a figurehead for Protestant rebels

• Her father, Henry Grey, was planning to free her from prison

• A clear message was sent to potential opponents to Mary I

Which rebellion does this image show?

• Succession Plot (1553)

• Wyatt's Rebellion (1554)

• Stafford's Raid (1557)

• Ridolfi Plot (1571)

Which steps did Mary I take to return England to Roman Catholicism?

• Statute of Repeal (1553) - to reverse changes made by Edward VI

• Heresy Law (1554) - Protestants could be prosecuted for heresy

• Executions (1555 to 1558) - approx.280 Protestants are burned

• Statute of Repeal (1554) - all monasteries reopened

How can Mary I's religious changes be seen as a failure?

• A reign of five years was not long enough to make a lasting impact

• The country was united under one religion

• The execution of 280+ Protestant heretics created popular religious martyrs

• English people feared a return to the control of the Pope

How did Mary I make England a stronger country?

• She had three male heirs

• She invested £14000 in six new warships

• She increased defence spending by reviewing royal rents.

• She made an alliance with Spain

How did the Privy Council limit the power Phillip of Spain could have in England?

• He would have no sovereign (royal) power in England after Mary I died

• England would not be dragged into Spanish wars with their agreement

• He would be expected to spend six months each year in Spain

• No Spaniards would be allowed to hold important positions in England

Which of these were results of English involvement in Spain's war with France in 1557?

• The growth of the British Empire to include Gibraltar

• The loss of Calais (the last part of France ruled by England)

• European recognition that England had military influence

• An increase in the number of injured soldiers and sailors needing support

Why did the Succession Plot (1533) fail to stop Mary I from becoming Queen?

• The Duke of Northumberland lost the support of the Privy Council

• Lady Jane Grey could not generate much political or popular support

• Henry VIII had made it clear that Mary should succeed Edward VI

• Most English people wanted a Protestant queen

How did Mary I improve life for people living in England?

• poor relief and welfare programmes were introduced

• steps were taken to stabilise inflation and protect food supplies

• training of parish priests improved

• city councils were given freedom to make community decisions