Personality Perspectives

Which defense mechanism allows an anxious person to retreat to a more comfortable, earlier stage of life?

• Displacement

• Projection

• Regression

• Reaction Formation

According to psychoanalytic theory, the part of the personality that strives for immediate gratification of basic drives is the:

• collective unconscious.

• ego.

• id.

• superego.

Jung is to collective unconscious as Adler is to

• ego.

• archetypes.

• Thematic Apperception Test.

• inferiority complex.

A projective test that involves telling stories about ambiguous pictures is the:

• denial test.

• free association test.

• Thematic Apperception Test.

• WAIS.

Which of the following psychologists emphasized the importance of unconditional positive regard?

• Alfred Adler

• Carl Rogers

• Karen Horney

• Sigmund Freud

What did Abraham Maslow call his theory that proposes we must satisfy our basic psychological needs before we can try to meet higher-level safety and psychological needs?

• humanistic psychology

• the psychodynamic perspective

• the hierarchy of needs

• the psychosexual stages

Gordon Allport's research into personality led the way for ________ theory to develop.

• humanistic

• psychodynamic

• social-cognitive

• trait

Vivian works as an office manager. Her desk at work is organized and her files are neatly labeled. She keeps a careful log of incoming calls and is careful to return them all. It is likely that Vivian would score highly on which dimension of the Big Five?

• conscientiousness

• agreeableness

• openness

• extraversion

Those who are anxious, insecure, and self-pitying have a low score on which Big Five personality dimension?

• extraversion

• openness

• neuroticism

• conscientiousness

What do psychologists call the mutual influences between personality and environmental factors?

• personality dimensions

• the cognitive-behavioral approach

• reciprocal determinism

• biological dimensions