May 8, 2025

Which of the following best describes the term "Innovation"?

• A well-established farming practice

• Any government agricultural policy

• An idea, practice, or technology perceived as new by a person

• The communication of farming ideas to a group

What characteristic of an innovation is described as its ability to be tried on a small scale before full adoption

• Trialability

• Observability

• Complexity

• Compatibility

At what stage in the adoption process does a person actively seek more factual information about an innovation?

• Awareness

• Interest

• Trial

• Evaluation

Which term refers to the degree to which a farmer perceives an innovation as consistent with his or her values and needs?

• Relative Advantage

• Compatibility

• Complexity

• Observability

Which hypothesis suggests that it is the individual’s shortcomings that explain the failure to adopt an innovation?

• System-Blame Hypothesis

• Pro-Innovation Bias

• Individual-Blame Hypothesis

• Adoption-Rejection Theory

A farmer learns about a new irrigation technique but chooses not to adopt it due to its perceived conflict with traditional practices in the community. Which innovation characteristic most likely influenced this decision?

• Relative Advantage

• Complexity

• Compatibility

• Trialability

A development worker insists that farmers who don’t adopt a new farming technology are simply resistant to change, ignoring the challenges of poverty and access. This perspective best reflects which bias?

• Individual-Blame Hypothesis

• Pro-Innovation Bias

• System-Blame Hypothesis

• Adoption Stage Error

Why might a farmer be hesitant to adopt a new seed variety despite being aware of its benefits and being in the evaluation stage?

• The farmer lacks access to television

• The innovation lacks trialability and the farmer cannot risk large-scale testing

• The farmer has adopted too many innovations

• The innovation is too compatible with existing beliefs

Which of the following best illustrates the “system-blame” hypothesis in explaining failed adoption?

• A farmer says, “This method is too hard for someone with little education like me.”

• A development officer says, “These people are too stubborn to accept change.”

• A scientist claims, “The farmers are not smart enough to see the benefits.”

• A farmer says, “The village leaders only support the rich farmers with access to credit.”

An innovation with high observability and high relative advantage is more likely to be adopted because:

• It requires more effort to implement

• Farmers are better able to see its benefits and believe it is superior

• It aligns more with scientific rather than social values

• It is less consistent with farmers’ existing practices