IB ESS Topic 3.3

What is the IUCN?

• International Union for Conservation of Nature

• International Union for Cultural Norms

• International Union for Climate Negotiations

• International Union for Conservation of Nature and Resources

What does narrow geographical range mean?

• A small area that a species inhabits, making it more prone to extinction due to habitat loss or changes.

• A wide area that a species inhabits, allowing for greater genetic diversity.

• A specific location where a species is found, regardless of its size.

• An area that is protected from human activities, ensuring species survival.

What is ecosystem complexity?

• The number of species in an ecosystem.

• The variety of interactions and pathways for energy flow within an ecosystem, contributing to its stability and resilience.

• The total biomass of an ecosystem.

• The geographical area covered by an ecosystem.

Explain the concept of inertia in ecosystems.

• Inertia is the ability of an ecosystem to resist change and remain stable despite disturbances.

• Inertia refers to the tendency of ecosystems to evolve and adapt rapidly to changes.

• Inertia is the measure of biodiversity within an ecosystem.

• Inertia describes the speed at which ecosystems recover from disturbances.

What is habitat fragmentation?

• Habitat fragmentation is the process by which large, continuous habitats are divided into smaller, isolated patches, often due to human activities.

• Habitat fragmentation refers to the increase in biodiversity within a habitat.

• Habitat fragmentation is the natural process of merging different ecosystems.

• Habitat fragmentation occurs when species migrate to new areas without any barriers.

Define invasive species.

• A species that is native to a particular area.

• A non-native species that disrupts local ecosystems.

• A species that is beneficial to local wildlife.

• A species that is commonly found in multiple regions.

What is ecological succession?

• Ecological succession is the process by which ecosystems change and develop over time, often following a disturbance.

• Ecological succession is the study of how animals adapt to their environment.

• Ecological succession refers to the migration patterns of species in a habitat.

• Ecological succession is the competition between species for resources in an ecosystem.

What is overexploitation?

• The sustainable use of resources to maintain biodiversity.

• The excessive use of a species or resource, leading to its decline or extinction.

• The practice of conserving resources for future generations.

• The balanced management of natural resources.

What is herding in animal behavior?

• Herding is the grouping together of individuals in a population, which can make them more vulnerable to hunting and predation.

• Herding is a method of migration where animals travel alone to find food.

• Herding refers to the solitary behavior of animals in search of mates.

• Herding is a technique used by animals to establish territory.

What is a food web?

• A simple chain of organisms that eat one another.

• A complex network of feeding relationships among organisms in an ecosystem, illustrating how energy and nutrients flow through the system.

• A diagram that shows the life cycle of a single organism.

• A list of all the organisms in a specific habitat.