DNA Structure and Protein Function Quiz

Which of the following is the basic building block of DNA?

• Amino acid

• Nucleotide

• Fatty acid

• Monosaccharide

What is the shape of the DNA molecule commonly described as?

• Double helix

• Single strand

• Triple coil

• Linear chain

Which nitrogenous base pairs with adenine in DNA?

• Guanine

• Thymine

• Cytosine

• Uracil

What is the function of DNA in cells?

• To store genetic information

• To provide energy

• To transport oxygen

• To digest food

Which of the following best describes a gene?

• A segment of DNA that codes for a protein

• A type of cell

• A sugar molecule

• A lipid

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Which process describes how DNA is copied before cell division?

• Replication

• Translation

• Transcription

• Mutation

Which of the following best explains why the sequence of bases in DNA is important?

• It determines the order of amino acids in proteins

• It provides energy for the cell

• It forms the cell membrane

• It digests nutrients

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If a DNA strand has the sequence AGCT, what is the complementary sequence?

• TCGA

• AGCT

• CGAT

• TGCA

How does a mutation in DNA potentially affect the protein produced?

• It can change the amino acid sequence, altering the protein's function

• It always destroys the cell

• It has no effect on the protein

• It turns DNA into RNA

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Which statement best describes the relationship between DNA, chromosomes, and genes?

• Genes are segments of DNA found on chromosomes

• Chromosomes are made of genes, which are made of proteins

• DNA is made of chromosomes, which are made of genes

• Genes are made of chromosomes, which are made of DNA

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