Earth-Sun-Moon System

Explain why the sun does not completely set at higher latitudes during the summer.

• Because the Earth's tilt causes extended daylight hours.

• Because the sun moves closer to the Earth during summer.

• Because the moon reflects more sunlight during summer.

• Because the Earth's rotation speed increases during summer.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Use the information below to answer questions 7 and 8. Adam and his family are planning a trip to Alaska in either June or December. During the summer months in the Northern Hemisphere, the weather is typically warmer and the days are longer. During the winter months in the Northern Hemisphere, the weather is typically cooler and the days are shorter. Adam’s family decides to travel in June based on this information. Why does Earth have seasons?

• because Earth rotates on its axis as it revolves around the sun

• because Earth's axis is tilted as it revolves around the sun

• because the moon blocks the sun during the winter months

• because the moon's gravitational pull is stronger during the summer months

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Some phases of the moon are shown. Which phase occurs between the new moon and the first quarter?

• waxing gibbous

• waning gibbous

• waxing crescent

• waning crescent

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Evaluate the impact of the Moon's phases on human activities, such as agriculture and fishing. Provide examples to support your answer.

• The Moon's phases have no impact on human activities.

• The Moon's phases impact human activities by influencing tides, which affect fishing, and by providing light at night, which can aid in agriculture.

• The Moon's phases impact human activities by causing weather changes, which affect agriculture and fishing.

• The Moon's phases impact human activities by causing temperature changes, which affect agriculture and fishing.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Jackson enjoys looking up at the night sky and writing about the variety of objects he sees. On one special occasion, he wrote in his journal that he saw a streak of light going across part of the sky. Which answer best describes what Jackson saw?

• Meteorite: A cold mixture of dust and ice that develops a long tail as it nears the sun

• Meteor: A cold mixture of dust and ice that develops a long tail as it nears the sun

• Meteorite: A streak of light made when an object burns up as it enters Earth's atmosphere

• Meteor: A streak of light made when an object burns up as it enters Earth's atmosphere

Stephen learned that there are two forces that keep the moon in orbit around Earth. How do these forces keep the moon from flying off into space?

• Gravity keeps the moon in motion, and inertia attracts the moon toward Earth.

• Gravity attracts the moon toward Earth, and inertia keeps the moon in motion.

• Gravity attracts the moon toward Earth, and the distance keeps it from going further away.

• Mass weighs the moon down so it stays close to Earth, and inertia keeps the moon in motion.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Evaluate the significance of the Moon's synchronous rotation with Earth and its impact on the observation of lunar phases from Earth.

• The Moon's synchronous rotation has no impact on the observation of lunar phases from Earth.

• The Moon's synchronous rotation means the same side always faces Earth, which affects the observation of lunar phases by making them predictable.

• The Moon's synchronous rotation means different sides face Earth, which affects the observation of lunar phases by making them unpredictable.

• The Moon's synchronous rotation means the same side always faces the Sun, which affects the observation of lunar phases by making them predictable.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Evaluate the role of the Moon in the development of early calendars and timekeeping systems. How did ancient civilizations use the Moon to track time?

• The Moon played no role in early calendars and timekeeping systems.

• The Moon's phases were used by ancient civilizations to track time and develop early calendars, as they provided a consistent and observable cycle.

• The Moon's position in the sky was used by ancient civilizations to track time, but it was not used in early calendars.

• The Moon's gravitational pull was used by ancient civilizations to track time and develop early calendars.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The alignments of the sun, moon, and Earth cause the different phases of the moon.

• True

• False

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

Abby volunteers at the planetarium at the Museum of Natural History. She is putting together a presentation about the solar system in which she will describe the shape of the solar system. She uses the term ________________ when she discusses the plane in which the planets orbit.