Biomolecules Unit Review

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the cell?

• To store genetic information

• To provide energy

• To catalyze biochemical reactions

• To form cell membranes

Which type of biomolecule is primarily responsible for forming the structure of cell membranes?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

Explain how the structure of proteins is related to their function in the cell.

• Proteins are linear chains that provide structural support.

• The sequence of amino acids determines the protein's shape and function.

• Proteins are composed of nucleotides that store energy.

• Proteins are simple sugars that provide quick energy.

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Describe the role of nucleic acids in the cell.

• They provide structural support to the cell.

• They store and transmit genetic information.

• They act as enzymes to speed up chemical reactions.

• They are the primary source of energy for the cell.

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How do lipids contribute to the function of a cell membrane?

• They form a rigid structure that protects the cell.

• They create a flexible barrier that regulates the movement of substances.

• They provide energy for cellular processes.

• They store genetic information.

Analyze how a mutation in the DNA sequence of a gene might affect the structure and function of a protein.

• It will have no effect on the protein.

• It could change the amino acid sequence, altering the protein's structure and function.

• It will only affect the protein if it occurs in a non-coding region.

• It will always result in a nonfunctional protein.

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Evaluate the impact of a high-fat diet on the structure and function of cell membranes.

• It will have no impact on cell membranes.

• It may increase membrane fluidity, affecting cell function.

• It will make membranes more rigid, improving cell function.

• It will decrease the number of proteins in the membrane.

What is the role of enzymes in cellular processes?

• They provide energy for reactions.

• They act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.

• They store genetic information.

• They form the structural components of the cell.

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Compare the roles of DNA and RNA in the cell.

• DNA stores genetic information, while RNA translates it into proteins.

• DNA and RNA both store energy for the cell.

• DNA and RNA are both involved in forming cell membranes.

• DNA and RNA both act as enzymes in biochemical reactions.

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Predict how a deficiency in essential amino acids might affect protein synthesis in the cell.

• It will have no effect on protein synthesis.

• It could lead to incomplete proteins, affecting cell function.

• It will increase the rate of protein synthesis.

• It will only affect the synthesis of non-essential proteins.