Macromolecules

What are nucleic acids?

• Macromolecules that store and transmit genetic information, including DNA and RNA.

• Small molecules that provide energy to cells.

• Proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions.

• Lipids that form cell membranes.

What are carbohydrates?

• Macromolecules made of sugar molecules that provide energy and structural support in cells.

• Simple molecules that are primarily used for fat storage.

• Proteins that help in muscle building and repair.

• Vitamins that are essential for metabolic processes.

What is the primary function of lipids?

• To store energy, provide insulation, and make up cell membranes.

• To facilitate chemical reactions in the body.

• To transport oxygen in the blood.

• To provide immediate energy for cellular processes.

What are proteins?

• Macromolecules made up of amino acids that perform a variety of functions including structure, transport, and defense.

• Simple sugars that provide energy to cells.

• Lipids that store energy and provide insulation.

• Nucleic acids that store and transmit genetic information.

What is a polymer?

• A small molecule that cannot be broken down further.

• A large molecule made up of repeating units (monomers) bonded together.

• A type of chemical reaction that forms new substances.

• A mixture of different types of molecules.

What is a monomer?

• A large molecule made of many atoms.

• A small molecule that can join together with other small molecules to form a larger macromolecule.

• A type of polymer that is used in plastics.

• A chemical reaction that breaks down macromolecules.

What is the significance of the sequence of amino acids in a protein?

• It determines the protein's color and taste.

• It influences how the protein folds, determining its structure and function.

• It affects the protein's solubility in water.

• It dictates the speed of the protein's synthesis.

What are lipids?

• A group of macromolecules that includes fats, oils, and waxes, which are used for energy storage, insulation, and making up cell membranes.

• A type of carbohydrate that provides immediate energy to the body.

• A category of proteins that serve as enzymes in biochemical reactions.

• A form of nucleic acid that carries genetic information.

What role do enzymes play in biological processes?

• Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions in the body.

• Enzymes are carbohydrates that provide energy for cellular processes.

• Enzymes are lipids that store genetic information.

• Enzymes are minerals that help in the absorption of nutrients.

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?

• Saturated fats have no double bonds between carbon atoms, while unsaturated fats have one or more double bonds.

• Saturated fats are liquid at room temperature, while unsaturated fats are solid.

• Saturated fats contain more calories than unsaturated fats.

• Saturated fats are healthier than unsaturated fats.