PBS Unit 3.1 Review

What is innate immunity?

• A type of immunity that develops after exposure to pathogens.

• The body's first line of defense against pathogens, including physical barriers, chemical barriers, and immune cells.

• An immunity that is acquired through vaccination.

• A specific immune response that targets particular pathogens.

What are antibodies?

• Proteins produced by T cells that attack infected cells.

• Proteins produced by B cells that specifically target and neutralize pathogens.

• Carbohydrates that provide energy to immune cells.

• Lipids that help in the absorption of vitamins.

What are phagocytes?

• A type of immune cell that engulfs and digests pathogens and debris in the body.

• A type of bacteria that helps in digestion.

• A type of virus that attacks immune cells.

• A type of protein that aids in cell communication.

What is the function of nasal mucous?

• To trap pathogens and particles, helping to prevent them from entering the respiratory system.

• To produce sound during speech.

• To regulate temperature in the nasal cavity.

• To absorb oxygen from the air.

What role do cilia play in the immune system?

• Cilia are small hair-like structures that trap pathogens and help move them out of the respiratory tract.

• Cilia are responsible for producing mucus in the lungs.

• Cilia help in the absorption of nutrients in the intestines.

• Cilia are involved in the production of red blood cells.

What are prions?

• Infectious agents composed of protein that can cause neurodegenerative diseases.

• Bacteria that cause infections in humans.

• Viruses that lead to respiratory illnesses.

• Fungi that are used in food production.

What is an outbreak?

• A gradual increase in the occurrence of a disease over time.

• A sudden increase in the occurrence of a disease in a specific area.

• A decrease in the number of cases of a disease in a population.

• A type of vaccine used to prevent diseases.

What is acquired immunity?

• Immunity that is inherited from parents at birth.

• Immunity that develops after exposure to a specific pathogen, involving B cells, T cells, and antibodies.

• Immunity that is present at birth and does not change over time.

• Immunity that is developed through vaccination only.

What is the role of digestive enzymes in immunity?

• They help absorb nutrients from food.

• They help break down food and can also destroy pathogens ingested with food.

• They produce hormones that regulate digestion.

• They are responsible for the absorption of water in the intestines.

What are fungi?

• Fungi are a type of plant that photosynthesize.

• Fungi are a group of organisms that include yeasts, molds, and mushrooms, some of which can cause infections.

• Fungi are small animals that live in water.

• Fungi are bacteria that help in decomposition.