Quiz 7

What is the scientific study of disease known as?

• Pathogenesis

• Microbiology

• Epidemiology

• Pathology

Which of the following describes the invasion or colonization of the body by pathogenic microorganisms?

• Microbiota

• Infection

• Pathology

• Disease

What occurs when an infection results in any change from a state of health?

• Infection

• Pathology

• Disease

• Microbial Antagonism

What term describes microorganisms that establish permanent colonies inside or on the body without producing disease?

• Normal microbiota

• Transient microbiota

• Opportunistic pathogens

• Pathogenic microorganisms

Which phenomenon describes the ability of normal microbiota to prevent pathogens from causing infection?

• Mutualism

• Microbial antagonism

• Symbiosis

• Commensalism

What type of pathogens do not cause disease under normal conditions but can under special circumstances?

• Opportunistic pathogens

• Primary pathogens

• Secondary pathogens

• Transient pathogens

Which of the following is NOT a requirement of Koch's postulates?

• The same pathogen must be present in every case of the disease

• Pathogen must be isolated in pure culture

• The pathogen must be able to infect any healthy individual

• The pathogen must be re-isolated from the inoculated laboratory animal

What is the term for diseases that are transmitted directly or indirectly from one host to another?

• Contagious diseases

• Noncommunicable diseases

• Opportunistic diseases

• Communicable diseases

Which type of disease occurs only occasionally in a population?

• Pandemic

• Sporadic

• Epidemic

• Endemic

What is the incubation period in the context of disease development?

• The time between infection and the appearance of symptoms

• The period of mild symptoms before illness

• The period when symptoms are at their peak

• The time when the body is recovering