UI2 TEST 1

What is the literal meaning of the Arabic word "ʿIlm"?

• Worship and remembrance

• Understanding and cognition

• Power and speech

• Dream and action

Which of the following is NOT one of the additional meanings of ʿIlm mentioned in the text?

• Tafakkur (reflection)

• Taʿaqqul (reasoning)

• Tawakkul (reliance)

• Tadhakkur (remembrance)

Which scholar defined ʿIlm as “absolute certainty conformable with reality”?

• Al-Ghazālī

• Al-Rāzī

• Al-Jurjānī

• Ibn ʿAbbās

According to Al-Jurjānī, what is not considered ʿIlm?

• Understanding with evidence

• Perception without certainty

• Deep reflection

• Reasoned conclusions

Which of these is the highest and only valid level of perception in Islam?

• Al-Wahm

• Al-Shak

• Al-Ẓann

• Al-Yaqīn

What does Al-Wahm refer to?

• A wrong and baseless perception

• A doubtful thought

• Reasoned judgment

• Certain truth

What does Al-Shak refer to?

• Absolute truth

• A perception with equal doubt and belief

• Logical conclusion

• Total ignorance

What does Al-Ẓann mean?

• Completely false

• A feeling with no proof

• Likely true, but with some doubt

• Spiritually revealed knowledge

What is the focus of Al-Jurjānī’s second technical definition of knowledge?

• Believing in the unseen

• Following tradition

• Memorizing sacred texts

• Knowing generals and particulars

What is the first revelation in the Qurʾān about?

• Seeking and acquiring knowledge

• Praying five times

• Fasting in Ramaḍān

• Making hijrah