Civics; April 14; vocabulary

What is the philosophy where judges interpret the Constitution to address modern needs called?

• Originalism

• Living Constitution

• Textualism

• Pragmatism

Answer explanation

Judicial Activism is the philosophy where judges interpret the Constitution in a way that addresses contemporary issues and needs, allowing for a more dynamic application of the law.

What does a Federal Judge do?

• Appointed for life to preside over federal courts

• Elected to create laws

• State-appointed to oversee local courts

• Temporary to manage court clerks

Answer explanation

A Federal Judge is an appointed lifetime position responsible for presiding over federal courts, ensuring the law is applied fairly and justly. This distinguishes them from elected officials or temporary roles.

During a mock trial in class, who was chosen to lead the Supreme Court?

• Zoey, the Chief Justice

• Kendall, the Associate Justice

• Kaylee, the Court Clerk

• Legal Advisor

Answer explanation

The head of the Supreme Court who leads proceedings is the Chief Justice. This position is responsible for overseeing court operations and ensuring the proper administration of justice.

What is a Writ of Certiorari?

• Request for the Supreme Court to review a case

• A document from a lower court

• Order to move a case to another jurisdiction

• Petition to change a law

Answer explanation

A Writ of Certiorari is a formal request asking the Supreme Court to review a case. It allows the Court to decide whether to hear the appeal, making it a crucial step in the judicial process.

In a mock trial at school, Kaylee is asked to decide a case based on the foundation of judicial decision-making. What should she primarily rely on?

• Constitutional Law

• Statutory Law

• Case Law

• Common Law

Answer explanation

Constitutional Law forms the foundation for judicial decision-making, as it establishes the framework for government and protects individual rights, guiding courts in interpreting laws and resolving disputes.

What does a Circuit Court do?

• Intermediate federal appeals courts divided into 13 circuits

• Handles small claims and minor legal disputes

• Conducts trials for federal criminal cases

• Reviews decisions made by the Supreme Court

Answer explanation

The Circuit Court serves as intermediate federal appeals courts, organized into 13 circuits, which review decisions from lower courts. This distinguishes them from other courts that handle minor disputes or criminal trials.

Kaylee and Zoey are studying for their civics exam. They come across a question: Where are federal trial courts located?

• District Court

• Circuit Court

• Supreme Court

• Court of Appeals

Answer explanation

Federal trial courts where cases are first heard are called District Courts. They handle the initial proceedings of federal cases, making them the correct answer.

During a court case, Kendall, an expert in environmental law, submits a brief to the court to provide additional information on the environmental impact of the case. What is this type of brief called?

• "Friend of the court" brief submitted by interested parties

• A type of legal contract

• A court order

• A legal term for a judge

Answer explanation

An Amicus Curiae, meaning 'friend of the court', refers to a brief submitted by interested parties to provide additional information or perspectives to assist the court in making its decision.

During a school debate, Kaylee and Zoey are discussing the role of the Supreme Court. What does the Supreme Court primarily do?

• Manage state courts

• Enforce laws

• Create new laws

• Interpret the Constitution and federal law

Answer explanation

The primary function of the Supreme Court is to interpret the Constitution and federal law, ensuring that laws align with constitutional principles and protecting individual rights.

What does a Court of Appeals do?

• Issue legal contracts

• Review decisions of lower courts

• Appoint federal judges

• Conduct criminal trials

Answer explanation

The role of a Court of Appeals is to review decisions made by lower courts, ensuring that the law was applied correctly. This process helps maintain consistency and fairness in the judicial system.