PASS W4 Content

Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

• Endoplasmic reticulum

• Nucleus

• Ribosomes

• Mitochondria

Which feature is unique to eukaryotic cells?

• Circular DNA

• Presence of a nucleoid

• Compartmentalized organelles

• Cell wall

What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)?

• Lipid synthesis

• ATP production

• Protein synthesis and processing

• DNA replication

Which of the following are not synthesized on the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

• Cytosolic proteins

• Proteins that end up in the interior of organelles

• Proteins destined for secretion

• Transmembrane proteins

What key evidence supports the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria?

• Mitochondria lack a membrane.

• Mitochondria have their own circular DNA similar to bacteria.

• Mitochondria are synthesized in the rough ER.

• Mitochondria do not divide.

Which of the following organelles is part of the endomembrane system?

• Mitochondrion

• Chloroplast

• Golgi apparatus

• Ribosome

What is an advantage of compartmentalization within eukaryotic cells?

• It reduces the need for membrane-bound organelles.

• It allows different cellular processes to occur simultaneously in separate areas.

• It increases the reliance on diffusion for transport.

• It prevents gene expression.

What are signal sequences in proteins?

• Sequences that label proteins for degradation

• Sequences that help direct proteins to their correct cellular location

• Sequences that allow ribosomes to attach to mRNA

• Sequences that promote DNA replication

What is the primary function of vesicles in eukaryotic cells?

• To transport substances within the cell and to the extracellular environment

• To store DNA and regulate gene expression

• To produce ATP for cellular energy

• To serve as structural components of the cytoskeleton

What is the primary function of nuclear pores in the nuclear envelope?

• To store genetic material

• To allow selective transport of molecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm

• To generate ribosomes

• To synthesize DNA