TCAP Review 3

1. Some buildings and homes are heated by energy produced from an alternative to fossil fuels.
Which of these is an example of a building or home heated using an alternative energy source?

• a home heated by energy generated by a hydroelectric dam

• a building that has emergency electric generators that run on gasoline

• a home heated by energy produced from a coal power plant in a city

• a building that has furnaces powered by natural gas

2. A teacher asks students to explain what they see in this picture. Four student explanations are shown. Which of the students gave a correct explanation?

• student 1

• student 2

• student 3

• student 4

3. Students took turns rolling a ball across a classroom floor. A sensor measured the speed of the ball at the one-meter mark. The students recorded the speed in a data table. Which conclusion is supported by the data?

• the ball had the most energy on roll 1

• the ball had the least energy on roll 4

• the ball had less energy on roll 1 than on roll 2

• the ball had more energy on roll 2 than on roll 3

4. A beach ball is floating on the surface of the ocean. The beach ball moves up and down as waves move through the ocean. What will most likely happen if the tops (crests) of the waves come closer together?

• The beach ball will not move as high above the ocean's surface as it did before.

• The beach ball will move higher above the ocean's surface that it did before.

• The beach ball will move up and down more slowly.

• The beach ball will move up and down more quickly.

5. When light hits a dark object, most of the light is

• absorbed

• reflectd

• diffused

• refracted

6. Some beetles break down the remains of dead animals. Some mushrooms break down the remains of dead trees. How do these actions most benefit plants?

• by returning nutrients to the soil

• by releasing oxygen into the air

• by making space for new animals

• by decreasing the population of herbivores

7. Which organisms transfer the most energy within the food web?

• bass, because they are predators in this web

• copepods, because they support two chains in this web

• crayfish, because they are at the bottom of this web

• algae, because they are the producers in this web

8. The nesting habits of four types of birds are described in the table. It all the dead branches and dying trees in a wooded area are removed, which bird's nesting would be most affected?

• Baltimore oriole

• Barn swallow

• Downy woodpecker

• Belted kingfisher

9. A beaver is a mammal that builds its home in a stream or river. The beaver's home is called a lodge. The beaver builds the lodge in the middle of a pond it creates by building dams in the stream. The picture shows a model of a stream ecosystem with two beaver dams and a beaver lodge. Based on the model, what would most likely happen to the ecosystem if the beavers and their dams were removed?

• Trees would have more water as the stream water moves more slowly through the ecosystem.

• The stream would be wider and deeper as the stream water moves more slowly through the ecosystem.

• The banks of the stream would have less erosion as the stream water moves more quickly through the ecosystem.

• The water used by plants on the banks of the stream would be reduced as the stream water moves more quickly through the ecosystem.

10. A student builds a model of the solar system that includes a sphere representing Earth. The sphere turns in a full circle on its axis. By using a model of Earth that spins on its axis, the student can best determine -

• the cycle of the four seasons

• the aging of a star

• the passing of a year

• the cycle of day and night