Geology and Botany Basics

The male part of a flower (made up of the anther and filament).

• Pistil

• Stamen

• Petal

• Sepal

A rock formed from another rock due to heat and pressure deep in the Earth.

• Igneous Rock

• Sedimentary Rock

• Metamorphic Rock

• Volcanic Rock

The female part of the flower (made up of the stigma, style, and ovary).

• Stamen

• Pistil

• Petal

• Sepal

Made up of 2 or more minerals.

• Rock

• Mineral

• Soil

• Crystal

The process by which plants begin to grow from a seed or a spore.

• Germination

• Photosynthesis

• Pollination

• Fertilization

A property of a mineral that describes how it reflects light (shiny or dull).

• Luster

• Clarity

• Hardness

• Color

The color of powder of a mineral left when it is rubbed on a streak plate.

• Luster

• Streak

• Cleavage

• Fracture

A naturally occurring solid that is an ingredient for rocks.

• Mineral

• Metal

• Gemstone

• Crystal

Rock formed from melted and cooled lava.

• Sedimentary Rock

• Metamorphic Rock

• Igneous Rock

• Volcanic Rock

A property used to describe how a mineral breaks along smooth surfaces.

• Fracture

• Cleavage

• Luster

• Hardness