Unit 3 Ecosystems

What is the ultimate source of energy for life on Earth?

• Sunlight

• Wind

• Water

• Geothermal heat

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How do autotrophs obtain energy?

• Eating other organisms

• Breaking down dead matter

• Using sunlight to convert inorganic substances into organic ones

• Consuming nutrients from soil

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In a food web, what generally links all food chains together in an ecosystem?

• Predators

• Decomposers

• Herbivores

• Complex interactions

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What term describes the movement of water from plants to the atmosphere?

• Evaporation

• Transpiration

• Condensation

• Precipitation

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Which of the following organisms are primary producers in aquatic ecosystems?

• Fish

• Herbivores

• Detritivores

• Algae

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Why is the energy transfer between trophic levels typically low?

• A. Energy is lost as heat

• B. Organisms are consumed whole

• C. Energy is fully utilized at each level

• D. All energy is transferred

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Which biogeochemical cycle does not involve the atmosphere?

• Carbon cycle

• Phosphorus cycle

• Nitrogen cycle

• Water cycle

In a food chain, what term describes the organism that consumes the primary consumers?

• Producers

• Quaternary consumers

• Secondary consumers

• Primary producers

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

• Capture energy from sunlight

• Eat predators

• Store energy in glucose

• Break down organic matter

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How does energy enter most ecosystems?

• Through herbivores

• Through omnivores

• Through sunlight captured by producers

• Through consumers recycling nutrients

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