International State Responsibility Assessment

1.⁠ ⁠According to the ILC Draft Articles, what is the fundamental principle regarding international responsibility?

• A. Every state is immune from international responsibility

• B. Only developed nations bear international responsibility

• C. Every internationally wrongful act of a State entails its international responsibility

• D. International responsibility applies only to treaty violations

2.⁠ ⁠In the Chorzow Factory Case, what did the PCIJ establish as the essential principle of reparation?

• A. Partial compensation for damages

• B. Monetary compensation only

• C. Symbolic acknowledgment of wrongdoing

• D. Complete elimination of all consequences of the illegal act

3.⁠ ⁠What are the two required elements for establishing state responsibility according to Article 2 of the ILC Draft Articles?

• A. Intent to harm and actual damage

• B. Attribution to the state and breach of international obligation

• C. Domestic law violation and international law violation

• D. State consent and international recognition

4.⁠ ⁠How does internal law affect the characterization of an internationally wrongful act?

• A. Internal law determines if an act is internationally wrongful

• B. Both internal and international law must agree

• C. Internal law has no effect on the characterization

• D. Internal law takes precedence over international law

5.⁠ ⁠In the Corfu Channel Case, what was the basis of Albania's international responsibility?

• A. Direct placement of mines in the channel

• B. Failure to notify and warn of the minefield's existence

• C. Intentional attack on British warships

• D. Violation of bilateral treaties

6.⁠ ⁠According to Article 4 of the ILC Draft Articles, which statement is correct about state organs?

• A. Only executive branch actions can trigger state responsibility

• B. Only central government actions are attributable to the state

• C. All state organs' conduct can trigger responsibility regardless of function

• D. Only diplomatic organs can create state responsibility

7.⁠ ⁠What principle was established regarding private individuals' acts and state responsibility?

• A. States are always responsible for private individuals' acts

• B. Private acts cannot trigger state responsibility unless attributable to the state

• C. States are never responsible for private individuals' acts

• D. Only commercial private acts can trigger state responsibility

8.⁠ ⁠What were the "elementary considerations" mentioned in the Corfu Channel Case?

• A. Only treaty obligations

• B. Maritime law exclusively

• C. Humanitarian principles and freedom of maritime communication

• D. Economic interests

9.⁠ ⁠How does the ILC Draft Articles define the scope of state organs?

• A. Limited to diplomatic personnel

• B. Only includes executive branch officials

• C. Any person or entity with organ status under internal law

• D. Restricted to military personnel

10.⁠ ⁠What type of conduct can constitute an internationally wrongful act?

• A. Only positive actions

• B. Only omissions

• C. Either actions or omissions

• D. Only treaty violations