Genetic Facts

The central DOGMA is

• DNA → RNA → protein

• RNA → DNA → protein

• Protein → RNA → DNA

• DNA → protein → RNA

DNA cannot leave the nucleus

• it’s too large

• it’s too small

• it’s too fragile

• it’s too dense

Every 3 base sequence of mRNA is called a codon and codes for

• one amino acid

• two amino acids

• a protein

• a nucleotide

Sometimes errors occur when chromosomes replicate causing changes in the DNA sequence

• mutation

• transcription

• replication

• translation

The amino acids are brought to the ribosomes one at a time by

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• DNA

RNA is

• double stranded

• single stranded

• circular

• helical

An example of a hormone produced by recombinant DNA

• insulin

• glucagon

• adrenaline

• thyroxine

In DNA, the base Adenine (A) pairs with

• Cytosine (C)

• Thymine (T)

• Guanine (G)

• Uracil (U)

In RNA, Adenine (A) pairs with

• Cytosine (C)

• Guanine (G)

• Uracil (U)

• Thymine (T)

Mutations are

• random

• intentional

• predictable

• controlled