Modern Genetics & Biotechnology Exam

The purpose of selective breeding is to

• get bigger organisms
• create organisms with desirable traits
• get smaller organisms
• create organisms with undesirable traits

All of the following statements are reasons for selective breeding except:

• to produce offspring with desirable characteristics
• to improve the quality of food products
• for farmers to increase their profit by improving crops
• to increase migration patterns

A farmer has bred his pineapple plants from the sweetest pineapples from his last harvest to get even sweeter pineapple plants. What is this an example of?

• selective breeding
• artificial selection
• all of the above

Use the following table to answer the next question. A farmer wants to grow extra-large, sweet oranges. Which plants should the farmer select to cross to get the desired set of characteristics?

• 1 and 2
• 1 and 3
• 2 and 4
• 4 and 5

Use the following table to answer the next question. A farmer wants to grow a crop that is resistant to disease while producing more fruit per plant. Which plants should the farmer select to cross to get the desired combination of traits?

• 1 and 2
• 1 and 3
• 2 and 4
• 3 and 4

Offspring produced from two different parent types, breeds, or species is called a

• purebreed
• hybrid

The physical transfer of a gene from the DNA of one organism into another organism in order to produce an organism with desired traits is called

• cloning
• karyotypy
• selective breeding
• genetic engineering

An organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced.

• a hybrid
• a clone
• a carrier
• a natural breed

Advantages of genetically modified crops include(s)

• insect resistance
• higher yield
• drought resistance
• all the above are good reasons for using GMO's

Issues that refer to people’s moral values or the code of conduct by which they live

• social issues
• legal issues
• ethical issues
• cultural issues