Y13. Topic 8 Grey Matter – Nature vs Nurture 12

Which of the following best describes the 'nature' aspect of human development?

• Influence of inherited genes and biological factors

• Influence of cultural traditions

• Learning through parental interaction

• Differences in education systems

1.       What is a key feature of neural pathways in brain development?

• They only form during fetal development

• They are the same in all individuals regardless of environment

• They are formed and strengthened through learning and experience

• They disappear once a skill is learned

3. In a twin study, why are identical twins especially useful for research?

• They share 100% of their genes

• They live in the same home

• They are usually born in the same hospital

• They always have the same friends

1.       What does a cross-cultural study aim to investigate?

• How environment affects development across different societies

• How genes are passed down across generations

• How babies behave in hospitals

• How education influences adult salary

What does the term 'nurture' refer to in the context of brain development?

• Environmental influences such as learning and upbringing

• The role of mitochondria in cell function

• Hormone regulation in adolescence

• Reflex actions present from birth

Why might newborn studies support the nature argument?

• They show behaviours that occur before environmental influence

• They observe babies playing with toys

• They rely on parental reports of development

• They test memory in young children

What can brain damage studies reveal about development?

• Which brain areas are responsible for certain behaviours

• How much a person can remember from birth

• How IQ changes after studying

• Whether someone will become left or right-handed

How can genetic modification be used to study development?

• By turning genes on or off to observe behavioural effects

• By teaching animals to modify their DNA

• By cloning identical brains for research

• By removing all environmental input

What is the role of the control group in psychological studies?

• To provide a baseline for comparison

• To manipulate the independent variable

• To record all results manually

• To replace the experimental group if needed

Which of the following behaviours is most likely due to 'basic abilities' present at birth?

• Crying when hungry

• Writing alphabet letters

• Solving a maths equation

• Using a mobile phone