The Material Self

According to William James, the material self includes:

• Only personal belongings

• Family, body, and reputation

• Only possessions such as cars and clothes

• Only external objects like houses and cars

Answer explanation

William James believed the material self includes not just tangible possessions but also aspects like family, body, and reputation—things that contribute to how we define ourselves in the world.

Material possession attachment primarily reflects:

• A person's love for objects

• A way to evaluate goods

• The desire to own luxury items

• Attachment to a particular brand

How does material possession attachment affect consumer well-being?

• It improves mental health
  

• It has no effect

• It can have positive or negative effects

• It leads to excessive spending

What is required for material possession attachment to form?

• Legal ownership of an object

• Psychological appropriation of the object

• Physical possession of the object

• None of the above

Which of the following is an example of psychological appropriation?

• Owning an item without using it

• Taking possession of a chair in a classroom

• Buying a new car

• Sharing a possession with a friend

Self-extension refers to:

• The process of giving up possessions

• The transfer of ownership to someone else

• Extending one's identity into various objects

• A method of improving self-esteem

At which level is a family home considered part of the extended self?

• Individual level

• Family level

• Community levei

• Group level

Material possessions are decommodified when they:

• Are sold for a profit

• Are personalized and hold individual meaning

• Are used only for functional purposes

• Are mass-produced

Which of the following objects is most likely to be seen as singular and irreplaceable?

• A new phone

• A limited edition collectible item

• A mass-produced item

• A generic pair of shoes

How does the process of psychological appropriation affect a possession?

• It reduces the value of the possession

• It makes the possession more meaningful to the owner

• It limits the emotional connection to the possession

• It makes the possession easier to replace