Revolutionary Concepts

Revolution

• A gradual change in political power over many years.

• A fundamental change in political power or organizational structures that takes place in a relatively short period of time.

• A minor adjustment in government policies.

• A complete absence of political change.

Monarchy

• Democracy

• Monarchy

• Oligarchy

• Theocracy

Proletariat

• A collective group of working class people.

• A wealthy class of landowners.

• A political party advocating for capitalism.

• An elite group of intellectuals.

Republic

• A form of government in which a state is ruled by representatives of the citizen body.

• A system where the monarch has absolute power over the state.

• A political system where citizens vote directly on laws and policies.

• A government structure where power is held by a single ruler.

Social Contract

• This is an agreement between people to create an organized society.

• This is a legal document outlining government powers.

• This is a theory that suggests individuals should act in their own self-interest.

• This is a philosophical idea that promotes absolute freedom.

American, Russian, Haitian and French

• The four revolutions we are studying in class.

• The four countries involved in World War II.

• The four seasons of the year.

• The four major continents of the world.

Absolutism

• A system where power is shared among multiple leaders.

• A form of government where one person makes all decisions without input from others.

• A political system based on democratic principles and citizen participation.

• A type of monarchy where the king or queen has limited powers.

Bourgeoisie

• The upper class, known for their wealth and influence.

• The working class, often associated with labor and industry.

• The middle class, typically with reference to its perceived materialistic values or conventional attitudes.

• The lower class, often struggling with poverty and lack of resources.

Enlightenment

• A philosophical movement focused on reason and individualism in Europe from the 17th to 19th centuries.

• A religious revival that emphasized faith over reason during the 16th century.

• A political movement advocating for monarchy and absolute rule in the 18th century.

• An artistic movement that celebrated nature and emotion in the 19th century.

Nationalism

• A political ideology that emphasizes loyalty, devotion, or allegiance to a nation or nation-state and holds that such obligations outweigh other individual or group interests.

• A belief that all nations should be governed by a single global authority.

• A movement advocating for the independence of all nations from foreign influence.

• A philosophy that prioritizes individual rights over collective national interests.