Unit 4B Personality Review 2025

The psychological term for an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting is

• personality
• temperament
• mood
• attitude

Explains personality as being driven by unconscious thought processes is the

• Psychodynamic theory

• Humanistic Psychology
• Cognitive Psychology
• Behaviorism

The part of the personality that strives for immediate gratification of basic drives is the

• ego
• superego
• conscious mind
• id

The personality system that represents our sense of right and wrong and our “ideal standards”

• ego
• superego
• id
• conscience

The part of personality that mediates demands from the id and the superego

• ego
• conscious
• id
• superego

According to Freud, why does our unconscious use defense mechanisms?

• To promote unconscious desires.
• To enhance the pleasure principle.
• To protect the ego from anxiety and distress that we can't satisfy.

• To strengthen the id's influence.

The ego's ability to assess the external world and act accordingly, delaying gratification and considering consequences is known as

• sublimation

• repression

• reality principle

• pleasure principle

The driving force of the id, which seeks immediate gratification of needs and desires, aiming to avoid pain and achieve pleasure is known as

• denial

• regression

• the pleasure principle

• the reality principle

Juan was diagnosed with cancer but refuses to believe the diagnosis and continues to smoke and refuses to seek treatment. According to Freud, he is using the defense mechanism of

• denial
• sublimation
• projection
• repression

Answer explanation

Denial probably one of the best-known defense mechanisms, is an outright refusal to admit or recognize that something has occurred or is currently occurring. It functions to protect the ego from things with which the person cannot cope and is used often to describe situations in which people seem unable to face reality or admit an obvious truth.

While it may temporarily shield you from anxiety or pain, denial also requires a substantial investment of energy. Because of this, other defenses are used to help keep these unacceptable feelings from conscious awareness.

In many cases, there might be overwhelming evidence that something is true, yet the person will continue to deny its existence or truth because it is too uncomfortable to face.

Johanna experienced a traumatic event but has difficulty remembering it, even though it caused them significant distress. According to Freud, she is using the defense mechanism of

• denial
• projection
• sublimation
• repression

Answer explanation

Freud believed repression acts to keep information out of conscious awareness. However, these memories don't just disappear; they continue to influence our behavior.