B.7.A & B.7.B Genetics Quiz

Which part of a DNA molecule is responsible for the direct coding of specific traits in an

organism?

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B.7.A

Which of the following explain how the nucleotide sequence of DNA determines traits in an organism? (Select all that apply)

• The sequence forms genes, which are instructions for proteins

• The sugar-phosphate backbone codes for physical features

• Proteins built from DNA instructions influence traits

• Mutations in the DNA sequence can change protein structure

• DNA always produces identical traits in all organisms

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B.7.A

Match each term with its role in expressing traits:

• Gene

• Performs a function that determines a trait

• DNA

• Carries amino acids to the ribosome

• Protein

• Contains the instructions for building traits

• mRNA

• Section of DNA that carries a specific code for one protein

• tRNA

• Carries the message from DNA to the ribosome

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B.7.B

What evidence supports the idea that all living organisms share a common ancestor?

• All organisms have different types of nucleotides

• All living things use DNA made of the same four bases

• Only plants and animals use DNA

• Some organisms use RNA instead of DNA

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B.7.A

In your own words, explain why the sequence of nitrogen bases in DNA is more important than just having the bases present.

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B.7.A

A student is examining a diagram that shows DNA being transcribed into RNA. Which conclusion is most accurate?

• The RNA strand is an identical copy of DNA

• Thymine is used in both DNA and RNA

• The RNA carries the code needed to build proteins

• Protein synthesis occurs in the nucleus

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B.7.B

Place the steps of protein synthesis in the correct order:

• DNA is transcribed into mRNA

• Ribosome reads mRNA

• Amino acids are linked into a chain

• mRNA leaves the nucleus to the ribosome

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B.7.B

Explain how a single gene can influence a physical trait like hair color.

• The gene causes cells to divide, which increases pigment production.

• The gene is made of enzymes that directly change an organism’s traits.

• The gene contains a code that tells the cell which protein to make, and the protein affects the trait.

• The gene determines how fast DNA replicates, which controls physical appearance.

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B.7.A

A virus infects a host cell and uses its machinery to replicate. What evidence best supports the claim that viruses are not living organisms?

• They contain DNA/ RNA and proteins

• They reproduce without help of other cells

• They cannot make energy or reproduce on their own

• They are significantly smaller than cells

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B.5.D

Eight components present in nucleic acids are listed in the box. Which components bond with adenine in a section of double-stranded DNA?

• 1, 3, 5, and 6 only

• 3 and 5 only

• 2 and 4 only

• 3, 4, 7, and 8 only

• 1, 3, and 4 only

Tags

B.7.A