Reformation and Scientific Revolution

Francis Bacon

• The English scholar who pioneered inductive reasoning and advanced the scientific method through his experiments and observations.

• A famous painter known for his surrealist works.

• An English playwright known for his tragedies and comedies.

• A philosopher who focused on deductive reasoning and logic.

English Channel

• A body of water between England and France

• A river in the Netherlands

• A lake in Spain

• A strait in the Mediterranean Sea

Act of Supremacy (1534)

• A decree that established the Church of England as separate from the Roman Catholic Church.

• The name of the decree passed by Parliament that named the English monarch the official head of the Church of England.

• A law that allowed the English monarch to appoint bishops in the Catholic Church.

• A document that declared the English monarch as the supreme ruler of all Christian churches.

William Tyndale

• A prominent figure in the Renaissance known for his art.

• An important figure in Reformation history whose translation allowed people to read the Bible in English.

• A scientist who developed the theory of evolution.

• A political leader during the American Revolution.

Printing Press

• An invention that was the most influential in spreading Martin Luther's ideas throughout Europe

• A device used for creating artwork in the Renaissance

• A machine that produces books in a single copy

• A tool for printing currency and legal documents

Church of England (Anglican Church)

• A Protestant national church founded by King Henry VIII that split from the Roman Catholic Church.

• A Catholic church established in England by Pope Gregory I.

• A non-denominational church formed in the 20th century.

• A church that promotes the teachings of Martin Luther exclusively.

John Calvin

• The reformer who promoted the doctrine of predestination.

• A famous painter of the Renaissance.

• An English monarch known for his role in the Reformation.

• A philosopher who advocated for social contract theory.

Telescope

• A device that measures temperature

• A revolutionary invention which magnifies images of distant objects. Developed by Galileo in the early 1600s

• A tool used for underwater exploration

• An instrument for measuring time

Spanish Armada

• A great fleet sent from Spain against England by Philip II in 1588; defeated by the terrible winds and fireships in the English Channel.

• A naval battle fought between Spain and France in 1588.

• A military alliance formed by Spain and England against France.

• A trade expedition sent by Spain to the Americas in 1588.

Clergy

• Church officials who used the Inquisition and persecution to silence scholars during the Scientific Revolution.

• A group of scientists who promoted the heliocentric theory.

• Philosophers who advocated for the separation of church and state.

• Political leaders who supported the Enlightenment ideals.