Quiz on the Nervous System

What type of nerves transmit information from the spinal cord?

• Sensory nerves

• Motor nerves

• Afferent nerves

• Efferent nerves

Answer explanation

Efferent nerves transmit information from the spinal cord to muscles and glands, facilitating movement and response. In contrast, sensory and afferent nerves carry information to the spinal cord.

Which part of the nervous system is responsible for routine involuntary functions?

• Somatic Nervous System

• Sympathetic Nervous System

• Parasympathetic Nervous System

• Central Nervous System

Answer explanation

The Parasympathetic Nervous System controls routine involuntary functions such as digestion and heart rate regulation, promoting a state of rest and energy conservation, unlike the other options which serve different roles.

What is the function of the peripheral process in unipolar neurons?

• Carries impulses to the cell body

• Transmits impulses away from the cell body

• Insulates the axon

• Forms synapses with other neurons

Answer explanation

The peripheral process in unipolar neurons carries impulses to the cell body. This structure is responsible for transmitting sensory information from the periphery to the central nervous system.

What condition is caused by the degeneration of the myelin sheath?

• Multiple Sclerosis

• Parkinson's Disease

• Alzheimer's Disease

• Epilepsy

Answer explanation

Multiple Sclerosis is a condition characterized by the degeneration of the myelin sheath, which insulates nerve fibers. This leads to communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body.

What do ependymal cells produce within brain ventricles?

• Myelin

• Cerebrospinal fluid

• Neurotransmitters

• Hormones

Answer explanation

Ependymal cells line the brain ventricles and are responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which cushions the brain and spinal cord, providing protection and maintaining homeostasis.

The nervous system is composed of the ___, ___, and ___.

• heart, brain, kidneys

• lungs, liver, stomach

• brain, spinal cord, nerves

• eyes, pancreas, veins

Answer explanation

The nervous system is primarily composed of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, which work together to transmit signals throughout the body. The other options do not relate to the nervous system.

How many types of glial cells are there in the peripheral nervous system?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Answer explanation

There are 2 types of glial cells in the peripheral nervous system: Schwann cells and satellite cells. Schwann cells are responsible for myelination, while satellite cells support neuron cell bodies.

What is the function of sensory (afferent) neurons?

• Carry impulses from the skin and organs to the spinal cord and brain

• Transmit impulses between other neurons

• Carry impulses away from the brain to muscles

• Form synapses with other neurons

Answer explanation

Sensory (afferent) neurons are responsible for carrying impulses from the skin and organs to the spinal cord and brain, allowing the body to process sensory information. This makes the first choice the correct answer.

Which type of neuroglia serves as cushioning support cells in the PNS?

• Schwann cells

• Satellite cells

• Astrocytes

• Oligodendrocytes

Answer explanation

Satellite cells are the neuroglia in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) that provide cushioning and support for neurons, helping to maintain the environment around them.

What is a characteristic of unipolar neurons?

• Single axon with dendrites on the peripheral end

• Multiple axons and dendrites

• Axon cannot be distinguished from dendritic processes

• One axon and one dendrite

Answer explanation

Unipolar neurons have a single axon that extends from the cell body, with dendrites located at the peripheral end. This structure allows them to efficiently transmit sensory information, distinguishing them from other neuron types.