Quiz on Axial Skeleton and Muscle Development

What does the axial skeleton include?

• Cartilaginous structures

• Skull, vertebral column, ribs, and sternum

• Pelvic girdle and limbs

• Facial bones and jaw

From which mesoderm does the skeletal system primarily develop?

• Somatic mesoderm

• Neural crest only

• Endoderm and ectoderm

• Paraxial and lateral plate mesoderm

What are somites?

• Cartilage structures

• Neural crest derivatives

• Types of muscle cells

• Segments of paraxial mesoderm

What is the primary function of sclerotome cells?

• Creating muscle fibers

• Producing connective tissue

• Forming vertebrae and ribs

• Generating neural cells

What type of ossification occurs in flat bones of the skull?

• Appositional ossification

• Endochondral ossification

• Intramembranous ossification

• Reticular ossification

What is the anterior fontanelle?

• A part of the sternum

• A region of the vertebral column

• A type of muscle attachment

• A space between skull bones at birth

Which part of the skull is formed from neural crest cells?

• Chondrocranium

• Sclerotome

• Viscerocranium

• Neurocranium

What do the first two pharyngeal arches primarily contribute to?

• Bones of the face

• Vertebral column

• Ribs and sternum

• Muscles of the back

What is the primary role of HOX genes?

• Developing connective tissue

• Regulating vertebral shape

• Forming muscle fibers

• Creating neural crest cells

What is the primary source of smooth muscle in the gut?

• Paraxial mesoderm

• Visceral layer of lateral plate mesoderm

• Ectoderm

• Neural crest cells