DNA Structure and Replication

What is the function of ligase in DNA replication?

• Ligase unwinds the DNA helix.

• Ligase synthesizes new DNA strands.

• Ligase joins Okazaki fragments on the lagging strand.

• Ligase removes RNA primers from the DNA.

What is the role of DNA polymerase in replication?

• DNA polymerase adds new bases following the base pair rules.

• DNA polymerase unwinds the DNA double helix.

• DNA polymerase repairs damaged DNA strands.

• DNA polymerase synthesizes RNA from the DNA template.

What are Okazaki fragments?

• Short sequences of RNA synthesized on the leading strand during DNA replication.

• Short sequences of DNA synthesized on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

• Long continuous strands of DNA synthesized on both strands during DNA replication.

• Fragments of protein that assist in DNA replication.

What holds complementary bases together?

• Ionic bonds

• Covalent bonds

• Hydrogen bonds

• Van der Waals forces

What is the difference between leading and lagging strands in DNA replication?

• The leading strand is synthesized continuously, while the lagging strand is synthesized in short segments called Okazaki fragments.

• Both strands are synthesized continuously without interruption.

• The leading strand is synthesized in short segments, while the lagging strand is synthesized continuously.

• The leading strand is synthesized only during the S phase of the cell cycle, while the lagging strand is synthesized during G2 phase.

What is the role of RNA primers in DNA replication?

• RNA primers provide a starting point for DNA polymerase to begin synthesis.

• RNA primers are responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix.

• RNA primers act as a template for DNA repair mechanisms.

• RNA primers are involved in the termination of DNA replication.

What is the significance of the 5' to 3' direction in DNA replication?

• DNA strands are synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction, which is crucial for the addition of nucleotides.

• DNA replication occurs in the 3' to 5' direction to ensure accuracy.

• The 5' to 3' direction allows for the removal of RNA primers during replication.

• The 5' to 3' direction is important for the stability of the DNA double helix.

What is the basic structure of DNA?

• Single helix

• Double helix

• Triple helix

• Linear structure

What are the base pair rules in DNA?

• Adenine pairs with Cytosine (A-C) and Thymine pairs with Guanine (T-G).

• Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T) and Cytosine pairs with Guanine (C-G).

• Adenine pairs with Guanine (A-G) and Thymine pairs with Cytosine (T-C).

• Cytosine pairs with Thymine (C-T) and Guanine pairs with Adenine (G-A).

Which enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix during replication?

• Polymerase

• Ligase

• Helicase

• Primase