Sociology Unit 2 Test

Material culture includes: 

• a) Values and beliefs

• b) Language

• c) Physical objects like tools and buildings

• d) Social norms

The shared beliefs, customs, and traditions of a society are known as: 

• a) Material culture

• b) Subcultures

• c) Norms

• d) Nonmaterial culture

A subculture is best defined as: 

• a) A culture that opposes the dominant culture

• b) A smaller group within a larger culture with distinct norms and values

• c) A cultural group that is the same as the dominant society

• d) An outdated cultural practice

Norms are: 

• a) Personal habits that do not affect others

• b) Established standards of behavior maintained by a society

• c) Only important in small communities

• d) Always written as laws

Language is an important part of: 

• a) Material culture

• b) Nonmaterial culture

• c) Subcultures only

• d) Countercultures

The process of learning and internalizing the values and norms of one's culture is called:

• a) Socialization

• b) Material culture

• c) Ethnocentrism

• d) Counterculture

What is ethnocentrism?

• A) The belief that all cultures are equally valuable

• B) The practice of understanding a culture on its own terms

• C) Judging another culture by the standards of one’s own culture

• D) The experience of disorientation when encountering a new culture

Which of the following is an example of ethnocentrism?

• A) A traveler tries to learn local customs when visiting another country

• B) A person assumes their country’s food is the healthiest and tastiest

• C) A researcher studies another culture without making judgments

• D) A student appreciates the differences between two religious traditions

What is cultural relativity?

• A) The idea that all cultures should adopt the same values

• B) The belief that one's own culture is superior to others

• C) Understanding another culture by its own standards rather than judging it by one's own culture

• D) The process of rejecting one’s native culture in favor of another

What is culture shock?

• A) A sense of pride when learning about new cultures

• B) A feeling of disorientation when experiencing a new cultural environment

• C) The process of fully adapting to a new culture

• D) The belief that all cultures should be the same