Genetics and DNA

DNA molecule's ladder-type structure has rungs representing a pair of nitrogenous bases.

• A single nitrogenous base

• A pair of nitrogenous bases

• A sugar-phosphate backbone

• A sequence of amino acids

Instructions for an organism's traits are coded in bases in DNA in the nucleus.

• Bases in DNA in the nucleus

• Proteins in the cytoplasm

• Ribosomes in the cell membrane

• Lipids in the mitochondria

Nitrogen bases found in DNA.

• A, T, G, and C

• A, T, G, and U

• A, T, C, and U

• A, C, G, and T

The molecules indicated by number 2 are

• Nucleotides

• Amino acids

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

A single codon is indicated by number

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Function of messenger-RNA molecules in protein synthesis.

• They carry information that determines the sequence of amino acids.

• They are responsible for the replication of DNA.

• They help in the formation of ribosomes.

• They transport nutrients to the cell.

Complementary messenger-RNA sequence for the DNA sequence C-A-A-G-G-T.

• G-U-U-C-C-A

• C-A-A-G-G-U

• G-C-C-A-A-G

• U-G-G-C-C-A

Identical twins raised by different parents have different personalities. This supports environmental influence on gene expression.

• Genetic predisposition to personality traits

• Environmental influence on gene expression

• Random chance in personality development

• Influence of peer pressure on personality

A DNA nucleotide may contain deoxyribose, thymine, and a phosphate group.

• Deoxyribose, thymine, and a phosphate group

• Ribose, uracil, and a phosphate group

• Deoxyribose, adenine, and a phosphate group

• Ribose, thymine, and a phosphate group

Instructions for protein synthesis are carried from the nucleus to the cytoplasm by:

• Ribosomal RNA

• Transfer RNA

• Messenger RNA

• Deoxyribonucleic Acid