Bone Fracture Healing Process

What happens during bony callus formation?

• New spongy bone appears in the fibrocartilaginous callus, which converts into a bony (hard) callus.

• The fibrocartilaginous callus is replaced by dense connective tissue.

• The bone is completely reabsorbed and replaced by cartilage.

• The area remains as a soft tissue without any hardening.

What happens during hematoma formation in bone fracture healing?

• Torn blood vessels hemorrhage, forming a mass of clotted blood (hematoma) at the fracture site, causing swelling, pain, and inflammation.

• Bone cells begin to regenerate immediately after the fracture occurs, leading to rapid healing.

• The fracture site becomes infected, leading to pus formation and increased pain.

• The surrounding muscles contract, pulling the bone fragments further apart.

What occurs during bone remodeling?

• Excess material on the bone shaft and in the medullary canal is removed, compact bone is laid down to reconstruct shaft walls, and the bony callus is remodeled based on mechanical stresses placed on it.

• Bone growth is halted, and no further changes occur in the bone structure.

• The bone becomes more brittle and prone to fractures due to lack of remodeling.

• New bone tissue is formed only in response to injury, with no other changes occurring.

What is the first stage in healing a bone fracture?

• Inflammation phase

• Fibrocartilaginous callus formation.

• Bone remodeling phase

• Hematoma formation

What occurs during fibrocartilaginous callus formation?

• New capillaries form a few days after the fracture, capillaries grow into tissue, and phagocytic cells begin cleaning debris (clotted blood and dead tissue).

• Bone cells begin to die off due to lack of blood supply.

• The fracture site becomes inflamed and swollen without any healing process.

• Muscle tissue starts to regenerate around the fracture site.

What is the second stage in healing a bone fracture?

• Inflammation stage

• Bony callus formation

• Hematoma formation

• Remodeling stage

What is the final stage in healing a bone fracture?

• Bone remodeling.

• Inflammation phase.

• Callus formation.

• Hematoma formation.